C - Growth & Development in Infants Flashcards
wk1-2 CA
How do we assess an infant’s growth? (4)
Height, weight, head circumference & fontanelle closing time
How does an infant’s height, weight, head circumference & fontanelle change as they grow from birth - 12 mths?
Height:
45.7-60cm -> Increase by 2.5cm/mth for 6 mths -> slow down until birth height doubles ~12 mths
Weight:
2.5-4.5kg -> 1st wk: can lose 5-10% of birth weight but gain back in 1st few wks -> 6mths: x2 -> 12 mths: x3
Head C:
35cm (usually >3cm of chest C) -> 12 mths: +10cm (grows proportionally to chest C)
Fontanelle:
Anterior: 0.6-3.6cm -> closes within 9-18 mths
Posterior: <1cm -> closes in 2 mths
How do we assess an infant’s development? (4)
motor, cognitive, social, psychosocial
How do we assess an infant’s motor development? (5)
2mths:
- keep head steady when held
- bring head up & look forward while lying on stomach
4mths:
- sit supported
- hold objects
- roll to 1 side
6mths:
- sit unsupported for short periods of time
- transfer objects from 1 hand to another
- roll to both sides
8-9mths:
- sit unsupported
- crawl
- pincer grip
12mths:
- throw objects
- walk with hands held
- stand unsupported
How do we assess an infant’s cognitive development? (5)
2mths:
- turn head when someone is talking
- coo
- prefer caregiver over strangers
- look at objects till their midline
4mths:
- laugh, squeal, say GA
- feel, taste, smell objects
6mths:
- babble
8-9mths:
- say words that sound like mama & dada
12mths:
- say other words like yes & no
How do we assess an infant’s social development? (5)
2mths:
- smile & recognise parents
4 - 6mths:
- copy facial exp
- initiate simple actions
6-12mths:
- cooperate with dressing
- understand simple commands
- fear strangers
- separation anxiety when the primary caregiver leaves the room
How do we assess an infant’s psychosocial development? (5)
- TRUST: physical comfort & reliable care
VS - MISTRUST: mistreated or needs not met
