C - Crude Oils And Fuels old Flashcards
Crude oil is a mixture of…
Hydrocarbons
The hydrocarbons in crude oil are called….
Alkanes
Alkanes are made up of chains of…
Carbon atoms surrounded by hydrogen atoms
When the atoms have formed bonds with as many other atoms as they can - this means they are…
Saturated.
The shorter the molecules - the more….
Runny the hydrocarbon is - that means the less gloopy it is (used for something such as refinery gas)
Crude oil can be used for??? Name at least 3
Diesel Petrol Oil Jet fuel Bottled gas ( refinery gas ) Covering roads Central heating systems in homes Power stations to generate electricity
What is the process of fractional distillation?
1 Heated crude oil piped in at the bottom.
2 The vaporised oil rises up the column.
3 The various fractions are constantly tapped off at the different levels where they condense.
Crude oil is not _______ friendly because … (2)
ENVIRONMENTALLY
•Oil spills
•Burning oil is a major cause of global warming and acid rain.
Crude oil will/will not run out
Will
You do cracking to…
Split up the long chain hydrocarbons made by fractional distillation into more useful substances
Cracking produces substances like…
Ethene
What is thermal decomposition?
Breaking molecules down by heating them
What is the process of cracking?
- Heat long chain hydrocarbon atoms atoms to break down molecules to vaporise it
- the vapour is passed over an aluminium catalyst at very high temperatures
- the molecules split
What is fermentation?
When sugar is heated to produce carbon dioxide and ethanol
What test can you do to see if an alkaline is present?
Bromine test - goes from orange to colourless if present
