By The Numbers Flashcards
Air pollution contributes to _____ premature deaths in US
and ____ worldwide
making it the largest environmental health risk
50,000
7 million
A person breathes on average more than ____L of air everyday
15,000L
Tobacco causes ____ premature deaths/year in US,
At least ____millions in US are smokers
400,000
42 million
A person who is a tobacco smoker has life expectancy that is ___ years less than a non smoker
10 years
When cigarettes are smoked, their ___ ingredients form ____ compounds that include at least ___ known carcinogens
600
70000
69
The levels of VOC in indoor environment can be ___x higher than outdoor levels
5x
US agri and commercial industries use about ___billion bounds of pesticide every year
1 billion
Humidity control can be important for indoor space because off gasing of formaldehyde can be ____ higher when relative humidity increased by ___%.
1.8 to 2.6
35%
Up to ___% of asthmatic people who live in cities or other urban environments also have reactions to cockroach allergens
60%
The affinity for carbon monoxide to bind hemoglobin of RBC is ___x stronger than that of oxygen, meaning it is ___x more likely to be carried through the bloodstream through oxygen
210
Carbon monoxide from nonvehicle sources such as fuel burning appliances and engine powered equipment is responsible for an estimated ___deaths per year in US
170
Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends that women consume approx ___L and men ___L per day.
- 7L
3. 7L
WHO reports ___ people lack access to safe drinking water worldwide and ___ annual deaths can be attributed to unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene
1 billion
2 million
Levels of antimony in 48 brands of bottled water in 11 European countries increase by ___% after _____ months of storage due to antimony leaching from PET bottles with label “1”
90%
6 months
In the 1990s, US geological survey detected pesticide compounds in every stream in agri, urban, and mixed used areas, as well as in ____ of the ground water
30 to 60%
Sugar accounts for more than ___ calories in person’s daily diet, contributing to obesity
500
For a quarter of US population, sugar sweetened bevs SSBs account for ___ calories consumed daily
200
Using BMI, more than ___ of adults in US are overweight and ____ are obese.
two thirds
more than a third
Obesity is global pandemic since more than ___ adults worldwide are considered overweight in 2014, and nearly ___ of those adults were obese.
1.9billion adults
600 million
WHO: ____ deaths worldwide are due to insufficient fruit and veggies
2.7 million
Recommended limit for sugar intake:
US average consumption:
6 to 9 teaspoons
22 teaspoons
Every year, approx ___ people visit emergency rooms,
___ hospitalized
____ die due to allergic reactins
30,000
2,000
150
In the US, food borne illnesses account for ___ people getting sick
with ___ hospitalizations and
___ deaths
48 million
128,000 hospitalizations
3000 deaths
Institute of Medicine reports that ____ adults in US suffer from chronic sleep or wakefulness disorder
50 to 70 million
Ambient light level of ____ is sufficient for most tasks
300 lux
It is recommended that healthy adults engage in at least ____ mins of moderate-intensity aerobic activity ___ days per week
and muscle-strengthening activities ___ days per week
30 mins
5 days per week
2 days per week
In the US, fewer than
___ of elementary students
___ of adolescents
___ of adults obtain 30 mins of physical activity
50%
10%
5%
An average adult obtains only __ mins of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity a day.
6 to 10 minutes
Over ___ of all people worldwide do not get recommended 30 min exercise
60%
Physical inactivity is responsible for
__% of heart diseases
__% type 2 diabetes
__% breast and colon cancers
30%
27%
21% to 25%
Lack of physical activity can increase odds of having stroke by
____
and shave of ____ years of life
20 to 30%
3 to 5 years
Physical inactivity is the ___ leading risk factor for mortality
accounting for ____ deaths worldwide
___ mortalities per year
4th
6 to 9%
3 to 5 million
___ hrs of moderate physical activity per week can reduce overall mortality risk by nearly ____
2.5 hours
20%
Sitting burns ___ fewer calories than standing
and sitting for more than ___ hours per day is associated with ___ lower life expectancy
50
3 hours
2-year
Low back paint affects ___ Americans at any given time
31 million
In 2013, nearly ___ days of work were missed in US due to musculoskeletal disorders
380,600
1/3rd of all days
In 2010, nearly ___% or more than ___ of all Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide resulted from musculoskeletal disorders.
7%
169 million
In 2006, ___% of office buildings surveyed in US provided thermal environments that met generally acceptable goals of occupants
11%
Human body’s core temp has a narrow range of ___ regulated by the ____ portion of the brain
26 to 28 degrees
hypothalamus
In 2010, mental health and substance abuse cost nearly ____ disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)
___ years of life lost YLL to premature mortality
and over ___ years lived with a disability YLD
184 million
8.7 millions
175 million
Life expectancy for individuals with mental illness is more than ___ shorter than those without
10 years
The chance a person will be affected by a mood disorder ie depression or BPD is estimated at ____ in the US
21%
Major depressive disorders affect ___ adults in the US causing sleep troubles, concentration, loss of energy, appetite, etc
16 million
