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My Respiratory > Buzzwords > Flashcards

Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

stony dull to percuss

A

pleural effusion

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2
Q

right sided pleuritic chest pain

A

most likely pneumonia

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3
Q

salbutamol side effect

A

tremor

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4
Q 
Alveolar bat's wings
B Kerley lines
Cardiomegaly 
Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels
Effusion pleural 
ABCDE
A

pulmonary oedema

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5
Q

ground-glass appearance on CXR

A

pulmonary fibrosis and ARDS of newborn

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6
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen stain positive for acid fast bacilli

A

TB

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7
Q

caseous necrosis

A

TB

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8
Q

apical disease

A

most likely TB

apical lesion is called Assmann focus

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9
Q

miliary TB

A

spread of organism to bloodstream
if via pulmonary artery then miliary dissemination into the lung occurs
if via pulmonary vein then systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys

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10
Q

positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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11
Q

chest infection with parrot/pigeon as pet

A

caused by chlamydophila psittaci

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12
Q

dry cough and atypical chest signs, hyponatraemia and lymphopenia

A

legionella pneumonia

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13
Q

dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday abroad

A

legionella (test urine for antigens)

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14
Q

high fever, rapid onset and herpes labialis

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

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15
Q

history of HIV, dry cough, exercise-induced desaturations and the absence of chest signs

A

pneumocystis jiroveci

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16
Q

tall, thin male who smokes weed

A

pneumothorax

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17
Q

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis and weight loss

A

sarcoidosis

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18
Q

bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole so there is a signet ring appearance

A

bronchiectasis

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19
Q

bone marrow transplant

A

bronchiolitis obliterans

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20
Q

D sign on CXR

A

empyema

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21
Q

steeple sign on X ray

A

laryngotacheobronchitis/ croup

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22
Q

child with barking cough

A

croup

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23
Q

pneumocystis penumonia

A

HIV

treat with co-trimoxazole (and prednisolone if severe)

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24
Q

samter’s triad

A

asthma
nasal polyps
salicylate sensitivity

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25
Q

alcoholic with danger of aspiration pneumonia

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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26
Q

red jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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27
Q

mucoid sputum

A

chlamydia psittaci

28
Q

rusty sputum

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

29
Q

cannonball metastases with weight loss and haematuria

A

from primary renal cell carcinoma

30
Q

morning headache

A

hypercapnia or side effects of organic nitrates

31
Q

ACTH secreting lung tumour

A

small cell carcinoma of the lung

32
Q

PTH secreting lung tumour and hyperthyroidism in history

A

squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

33
Q

neuroendocrine, highly malignant, may be associated with ectopic endocrine syndromes

A

small cell carcinoma

34
Q

aortic stenosis, dissection and coarctation

A

Turner’s syndrome

35
Q

increased serum ACE and Ca2+

A

sarcoidosis

36
Q

eggshell calcification at hilar region

A

silicosis

37
Q

heart-failure cells in alveolar spaces

A

macrohpages that have absorbed haemosiderin

found in chronic pulmonary oedema and LVHF or long-standing pulmonary hypertension

38
Q

Ghon focus

A

area of infection and caseous necrosis at lung periphery beneath pleura in TB

39
Q

Assmann focus

A

apical legion of secondary TB infection

40
Q

Coin lesion

A 
could be:
primary bronchial or lung carcinoma
metastatic tumour
bronchial hamartoma
carcincoid tumour
granulomatous inflammation
lung abscess
41
Q

ptosis, enpphthalmos (eyes_, miosis (pupil), lack of sweating on one side of face

A

Horner’s syndrome

42
Q

thumbprint sign on head XR

A

epiglottitis

43
Q

inspiratory whooping cough

A

pertussis

44
Q

non-smoker and lung cancer

A

peripheral adenocarcinoma

45
Q

squamous and small-cell lung cancers

A

central

46
Q

high d-dimer

A

PE suspicion so send for CTPA

47
Q

large PE

A

thromolysis

48
Q

small PE

A

low molecular weight heparin

49
Q

honeycomb lung

A

fibrosing alveolitis

50
Q

Rifampicin side effect

A

TB DRUG - Orange coloured tears / urine

51
Q

Isoniazid side effect

A

TB DRUG - Peripheral neuropathy / hepatitis

52
Q

Ethambutol side effect

A

TB DRUG - Colour Blindness

53
Q

Pyrazinamide side effect

A

TB DRUG - Gout

54
Q

When does the larynx become the trachea and the pharynx become the oesophagus?

A

C6

55
Q

Where do you auscultate the lung apex?

A

superior to the medial 1/3rd of the clavicle

56
Q

Where do you auscultate the middle lobe?

A

between ribs 4 and 6
RIGHT
mid-clavicular line
mid-axillary line

57
Q

Where do you auscultate the lung base?

A

scapular line at T11 level

58
Q

What pathogen is most associated with acute epiglottitis?

A

Strep. progenes

59
Q

What is the most sensitive test for TB?

A

culturing

60
Q

What is the compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?

A

Hypoventilation

61
Q

What dye is used in Ziehl-Neelson for TB?

A

Carbol fuschin

62
Q

What do glucocorticoids act on?

A

TH2

63
Q

What is the normal pH of intrapleural fluid?

A

7.6

64
Q

What type of person is Klebsiella not as associated with?

A

COPD sufferers

65
Q

What can a PE do to the axis deviation on an ECG?

A

right axis deviation

66
Q

What is the most common cause of infective endocaridits?

A

staph aureus

My Respiratory (15 decks)

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