Biochemistry

Question 1

What is sensitivity?

Answer 1

the ability of a test to identify a disease

Question 2

What is specificity?

Answer 2

a measure of how good the test is at identifying health

Question 3

What is the positive predictive value?

Answer 3

the percentage of people who have a positive test and who have the disease

Question 4

What is the negative predictive value?

Answer 4

the percentage of people who have a negative test and don’t have the disease

Question 5

What is prevalence?

Answer 5

the percentage of the population with the disease

Question 6

What is the most important buffering equation?

Answer 6

H+ + HCO3- < - > H2CO3 < - > CO2 + H2O

Question 7

What is the respiratory component of the equation?

Answer 7

pCO2

Question 8

What is the metabolic component of the equation?

Answer 8

HCO3-

Question 9

What is acidosis?

Answer 9

increase in H+ concentration

Question 10

What is alkalosis?

Answer 10

decrease in H+ concentration

Question 11

What is academia?

Answer 11

increased [H+]

Question 12

What is alkalaemia?

Answer 12

decreased [H+]

Question 13

What happens in response to too much H+?

Answer 13

the body will blow off CO2

Question 14

What happens in response to too much CO2?

Answer 14

the kidneys will compensate by getting rid of H+

Question 15

What are the causes of respiratory acidosis?

Answer 15

• choking
• bronchopneumonia
• COPD

Question 16

What are the causes of respiratory alkalosis?

Answer 16

• hysterical over breathing
• mechanical over-ventilation
• raised intracranial pressure

Question 17

What are the causes of metabolic acidosis?

Answer 17

• impaired H+ excretion
• increased H+ production
• loss of HCO3-

Question 18

What are the causes of metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 18

• loss of H+ in vomit
• alkali ingestion
• potassium deficiency