Business Ethics Quiz #2

Question 1

Corporate Social Responsibility

Answer 1

Responsibilities that businesses have to the societies in which they operate.

Question 2

Economic Model of CSR

Answer 2

Limits a firm’s social responsibility to the minimal economic responsibility of producing goods and services and maximizing profits within the law (benefit stockholders).

Question 3

Stakeholder Model of CSR

Answer 3

The view that business exists within a web of social relationships

Question 4

Stakeholder theory

Answer 4

A model of CSR that holds that business managers have ethical responsibilities to a range of stakeholders beyond responsibilities to stockholders.

Question 5

Integrative Model of CSR

Answer 5

For some business firms, social responsibility is fully integrated with the firm’s mission or strategic plan.

Question 6

Corporate sustainability report

Answer 6

Provides all stakeholders with financial and other info regarding a firm’s economic, environmental, and social performance.

Question 7

Reputation Management

Answer 7

Practice of caring for the image of a firm.

Question 8

Six dimensions of Corporate Reputation

Answer 8

Emotional appeal, products & services, financial performance, social responsibility, workplace environment, vision & leadership.

Question 9

Due Process

Answer 9

The right to be protected against the arbitrary use of authority.

Question 10

Employment at Will

Answer 10

The legal doctrine that holds that all employees are employed at will.

Question 11

Just Cause

Answer 11

Standard for terminations or discipline that requires employer to have fair cause before reaching decision against employee.

Question 12

IRS 20-factor Analysis

Answer 12

A list of 20 factors to which IRS looks to determine whether someone is an employee or independent contractor.

Question 13

Common-law Agency Test

Answer 13

Indicator of independent contractor status that provides the employer ability to control the manner in which the work is performed.

Question 14

Economic Realities Test

Answer 14

Test by which courts consider whether the worker is economically dependent on the business or is in the business for themselves.

Question 15

Downsize

Answer 15

The reduction of human resources through terminations, retirements, corporate divestments etc.

Question 16

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Answer 16

An agency of the federal government that publishes and enforces safety and health regulations for U.S. businesses.

Question 17

Sweatshops

Answer 17

Any workplace in which workers are typically subject to two or more: forced overtime, health and safety risks, coercion, underpayment, deception.

Question 18

Child Labour

Answer 18

Exploitative work that involves some harm to a child who is not of an age to justify their presence in the workplace.

Question 19

Diversity

Answer 19

Presence of differing cultures, languages, ethnicities, races, affinity orientations, genders, religious sects, abilities, social classes, ages, and national origins of individuals in a firm.

Question 20

Multiculturalism

Answer 20

Refers to the principle of tolerance and inclusion that supports the co-existence of multiple cultures, while encouraging to retain what is individual about a particular culture.

Question 21

Affirmative Action

Answer 21

Policy or program that strives to redress past discrimination through implementation of proactive measures to ensure equal opportunity (should be temporary to attain not maintain).

Question 22

Reverse Discrimination

Answer 22

Decisions made or actions taken against individuals who are traditionally considered to be in power or the majority.

Question 23

Privacy

Answer 23

The right to be “let alone” within a personal zone of solitude and/or the right to control info about oneself.

Question 24

Privacy Rights

Answer 24

Legal and ethical sources of protection for privacy in personal data.

Question 25

Reciprocal Obligation

Answer 25

The concept that while an employee has an obligation to respect the goals and property of the employer, the employer has a reciprocal obligation to respect the rights and privacy of an employee.

Question 26

Hypernorms

Answer 26

Values that are fundamental across culture and theory.

Question 27

Moral Free Space

Answer 27

Environment where hypernorms or universal rules do not govern or apply to ethical decisions but instead culture or other influences govern decisions as long as they are not in conflict with hypernorms.

Question 28

Property Rights

Answer 28

Boundaries defining actions that individuals can take in relation to other individuals regarding their personal info.

Question 29

Examples of Hypernorms

Answer 29

Freedom of speech, right to personal freedom, right to physical movement, informed consent.

Question 30

Fourth Amendment Protection

Answer 30

Extends privacy protections to the public-sector workplace.

Question 31

Intrusion into Seclusion

Answer 31

Legal terminology for one of the common-law claims of invasion of privacy. Occurs when someone intentionally intrudes on the private affairs of another (highly offensive).

Question 32

Reasonable Expectation of Privacy

Answer 32

Where an individual is notified that info will be shared or space will not be private, there is no expectation of privacy. Basis for some common-law claims of invasion of privacy.

Question 33

European Union’s Directive on Personal Data Protection

Answer 33

EU legislation seeking to remove potential obstacles to cross-border flows of personal data, to ensure a high level of protection within the European union.

Question 34

Personal Data

Answer 34

Any info relating to an identifiable person by reference to their physical, physiological, mental, economic, cultural, or social identity.

Question 35

Safe Harbour Exception

Answer 35

Considered “adequate standards” of privacy for U.S. based companies under EU data protection directive.

Question 36

Employee privacy is violated when:

Answer 36

(1) employers infringe on personal decisions that are not relevant to employment contract. (2) personal info that is not relevant to employment contract is collected, stored, or used without consent.

Question 37

Necessary elements of moral requirements on information:

Answer 37

Truthfulness and accuracy, respect for privacy, respect for property and safety rights, accountability.

Question 38

HIPAA

Answer 38

Stipulates that employers cannot use “protected health info” in making employment decisions without prior consent.