Burns Lecture part 1 Flashcards
there is no greater trauma to the body than what kind of injury?
burns
what should you do if there is a fire?
smoother it, don’t put water on it or try to pick it up
what is the term for the skin coming off a burns wound?
eschar
the darker (more opaque) and more adherent the eschar, the deeper or more superficial the wound?
the deeper the wound
when a burn gets deeper, is it more or less painful?
less painful
what is the most common MOI of burn injuries?
home accidents
almost 1/4 (24%) of all burn injuries occur in …
children bw 1-15 yo
where do most pediatric burns occur?
in the home when unsupervised
where do the hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands sit in the skin?
in the dermis
t/f: some of the epidermis extends down into the dermis and wraps around the hair follicles
true
t/f: superficial partial thickness burns can heal on their own with intact hair follicles
true
t/f: full thickness burns can heal on their own
false
what is a burn?
a loss of skin integrity bc of cell exposure to temps that are incompatible with cell life
what are the types of thermal injuries?
flame
scald
contact
what type of burns are contact burns usually?
deep
what are the types of non-thermal burn injuries?
frost bite
electrical
chemical
radiation
how long do burns take to fully express themselves?
12-24 hrs
the severity of thermal and non-thermal burn injuries is related to what factors?
temp to which the skin is exposed
duration of exposure
thickness of the involved skin
what is the thickest skin on the body?
heels/bottom of feet
what is the thinnest skin on the body?
dorsum of hands
what is a epidermal (superficial) burn?
through the epidermis only
what kind of burn is sunburn typically?
superficial burn
what is a superficial partial thickness burn?
a burn through the epidermis and some of the dermis but hair follicles are intact
what are some key signs of a superficial partial thickness burn?
in tact blisters
small shiny dots
epidermal budding
what is a deep partial thickness burn?
burn through the dermis
what is a full thickness burn?
burn through the dermis and into subQ tissue
what burn has VERY adherent aeschar that cannot be easily removed?
full thickness burn
what is a KEY sign of a full thickness burn?
thrombosed veins
what is a subdermal burn?
deepest burn through the subQ tissue into the hypodermis and muscles
what burn has erythematous, is pink/red, and has an irritated dermis?
superficial burn
what burn is bright pink/red/ mottled red, has an inflamed dermis, is erythematous with blanching and brisk capillary refill?
superficial partial thickness burn
what burn is mixed red/waxy white and blanches with slow capillary refill?
deep partial thickness burn
what burn is white (ischemic)/ charred/tan/fawn/mahogany/ black/red (hemoglobin fixation) with no blanching, has thrombosed vessels, and poor distal circulation?
full thickness burn
what burn is charred appearing?
subdermal burn
what burn has no blisters, a dry surface and delayed pain/tenderness?
superficial burn
what burn has intact blisters, moist weeping/glistening surface when blisters removed, is very painful and is sensitive to changes in temp, exposure to air current, light touch?
superficial partial thickness burn
what burn has broken blisters/ wet surface, is sensitive to pressure, but insensitive to light touch or soft pinprick?
deep partial thickness burn
what burn has parchment-like/ leathery/rigid/dry skin is anesthetic, and has body hairs that pull out easily?
full thickness burn
what burn has subQ tissue evident, is anesthetic, has muscle damage, and has neuro involvement?
subdermal burn
what burn has min edema, spontaneous healing, and no scars?
superficial burn
what burn has moderate edema, spontaneous healing, min scarring, and has discoloration?
superficial partial thickness burn
what burn has marked edema, slow healing, and excessive scarring?
deep partial thickness burn
what burn has a depressed area, heals with skin grafting, and leaves scarring?
full thickness burn
what burn has tissue defects, can heal with skin graft/flap, and leaves scarring?
subdermal burn
what types of burns can heal spontaneously?
superficial and superficial partial thickness burns
does a deep partial thickness burn heal fast or slow?
slow
is there scarring with a superficial burn?
nope
what burns requires grafts to heal?
full thickness and subdermal burns
does a superficial partial thickness burn leave scarring?
yes, but minimal
does a deep partial thickness burn leave scarring?
yes, excessive scarring
