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Phys Dys > Burns > Flashcards

Burns Flashcards

1
Q

Order the classifications of burns from superficial to subdermal

A
  1. First degree
  2. Superficial
  3. Second degree
  4. Deeper partial thickness
  5. Third Degree
  6. Full thickness
  7. Fourth degree
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2
Q

Describe a first degree burn

A 
Only epidermis injured
Dry skin
No blisters
Painful
Epithelium regrows in 2-3 days
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3
Q

Describe superficial burns

A 
Blisters
Mild to moderate scarring
Tissue below blister is wet
Shiny
Pink or red
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4
Q

Describe second degree burns

A 
Partial thickness
Superficial or deep
pain 
mottled red
edema
blisters
if superficial 7-10 days for regrowth
if deep 3-4 weeks with scarring
May require grafts
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5
Q

Describe deeper partial thickness burns

A 
Waxy
White
Soft and elastic
Sensitive to pressure
Not sensitive to light touch
Can heal without grafting
Scarring moderate to severe
Can convert to full thickness
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6
Q

Describe Third degree burns:

A 
Full thickness
Complete destruction of epidermis and dermis
Debridement and grafting necessary
Probable scarring
Contractures and deformities
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7
Q

Describe full thickness burns

A

Hard
Dry
Tan
Sensation absent or diminished

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8
Q

Describe fourth degree burns

A

Damage to muscle tendon bone

High risk of amputation or loss of motor control

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9
Q

What are the seven primary objectives of an OT on a burn unit?

A
  1. Prevent deformity and contractures
  2. Reduce edema
  3. Maintain ROM
  4. Patient and caregiver education
  5. Interdisciplinary approach
  6. ADLs
  7. Psycho-social support
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10
Q

What are the 12 goals on a burn unit?

A
  1. Positioning to prevent deformity
  2. Faciliation of healing
  3. Prevention of scarring and enhancement of skin integrity
  4. Reintroduction to daily occu. performance activity
  5. Therapuetic exercises to increase range of motion and prevent deformity
  6. Progressive strengthening exercise
  7. Patient/family education
  8. Scar management
  9. Customized garment measuring and fitting
  10. Emotional support
  11. Community Resource
  12. Research and new idea development
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11
Q

What is the position of comfort?

T/F is this a good position?
Why or why not?

A

UE adduction and flexion
LE flexion
Plantar flexion with toes pulled dorsally
Intrisic minus/claw hand

FALSE not a good position often causes contractures

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12
Q

How can you help burn pt. manage pain?

A

Coordinate with scheduled pain meds

Pre-determine length of tx and stick to this

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13
Q

How do you manage edema in extremities for burn patients?

A

Elevation
MOvement(ROM)
Coban

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14
Q

When should a burn patient be fitted with a custom-made orthosis?

A

No later than 3 weeks after wound healing

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15
Q

How long should a custom-made garment be worn each day?

A

23 hours

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16
Q

How many months does a client where a custom-made orthosis?

A

12-18 months or until scar maturation

17
Q

What are the seven strategies for managing burn scars?

A
  1. Scar massage
  2. Compression garments
  3. silicone
  4. ROM
  5. Excision of scar then grafting
  6. Steroid injections
  7. Laser surgery
18
Q

How do silicon and pressure garments help burn patients?

A
  1. Depp massage breaks down matrix stretching the scar
  2. Prevents contractures
  3. Protects fragile skin
  4. Promotes better circulation of damaged tissue
  5. Decreases itching
  6. Reduces bulky, thick, hard scars
19
Q

What is the role of hydrotherapy on a burn unit?

A

Removes loose debris and old topical antibiotics

Cleanses wound and surrounding areas

20
Q

Why do some burn patients suffer peripheral neuropathy?

A

Localized nerve injury
Overstretching or overcompressing
Infection
symmetrical distal weakness

21
Q

T/F Scar contracture is the primary cause of dysfunction

A

True

22
Q

Define keloid scar

A

overgrowth of tissue outside of the border of the burn

23
Q

Define hypertrophic scar

A

Overproduction of collagen within the borders of the burn.

24
Q

What is eschar?

A

Dead coagulated skin

25
Q

What is escharotomy

A

Incisions into eschar to relieve compression and increase circulation \

26
Q

What is an allograft?

A

Bone, ligament, cartilage, tendon, or piece of skin transplanted from one person to another

27
Q

What is a xenograft?

A

graft from another species that is temporarily covering that is rejected by immune system

28
Q

What is an autograft?

A

Self-graft

29
Q

What is debridement?

A

The removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound

30
Q

What is TBSA?

A

Total body surface area

Describes hwo much of the body was affected by the burn

31
Q

What is heterotrophic ossifications?

A

When soft tissues around joints form bony bridges

32
Q

Which layer of skin is the tough protective layer containing melonin?

A

Epidermis

33
Q

Which layer of the skin contains nerve endings, sweat glands and hair follicules?

A

Dermis

Phys Dys (17 decks)

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