bunch of random bold Flashcards
normal range for International Normalized ratio (INR)
0.8-1.2
Normal range for partial thromboplastin time
25-35 seconds
Normal platlet count range
150,000- 450,000 platlets per microliter of blood
Gauge for FNA
20-25
FNA sample sent to
Cytology
3 FNA common sites
thyroid, breast, lymphnodes in the axilla groin and neck
what is cytopathology
Diagnoses malignant and premalignant cells and diseases on the microscopic level
Gauge for core biopsy
14-19
Core biopsy samples sent to
Surgical Pathology aka histology
what kidney/ where is a kidney biopsy done
renal parenchyma in the lower pole of the left kidney
when should of most/all renal biopsy complications occured by
within 12 hours of procedure
what blood pressure do you want for renal biopsy
<90 mmHg diastolic
Noscomial/HIA occurs in what time period after arriving at hospital
> 48 hours
community acquired occurs in what time period after arriving at hospital
<48 hours
C Diff. is most frequent cause of ____ in hospital
infectious diarrhea
what does Medical Asepsis do
inhibits growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms
clean technique
what does Surgical Asepsis do
absence of all microorganisms, pathogens and their spores
sterile technique
best form of medical asepsis
handwashing
difference of semi-restricted to restricted
the restricted area has people also wearing sterile applications
high level disinfectant capable of sterilization if
contact time is long (6-10 hours)
intermediate disinfectant commonly used on
lab surfaces and benches
main difference between low and intermediate level disinfectant
low level cant kill M. tuberculosis
most common form of physical sterilization
heat
Before opening sterile pack always check (2)
expiration date and condition of pack
Surgical scrub steps
Step 1: prescrub wash -> similar to normal hand wash up to elbow, rinse hands up water running down arms
Step2: proper surgical scrub, nail pick, scrub brush
Step 3: final surgical scrub, antimicrobial soap, no brush pick, sterile towel to dry hand
Must put on booties and cap, then gown is last to go on and someone will tie it for you
putting on sterile gloves
remove plastic covering, can touch paper part to peel open away from center, glove goes on dominant hand first, touching folded part (wrist) of glove to slide the glove on part way. Then we pick up the other glove at the edge, cant touch hand or wrist to dominant glove, put on part way as well, adjust fingers, then fold glove up over the wrist
putting on sterile gloves and gown
Place gloves and gown on sterile field
Flaps on either side of gown, place hands through them, open it as stepping away from table and push arms through and shrug to let it slip on. Should be mostly on the front of your body. Don’t put hands through the sleeve cuffs yet. Through the sleeves, get gloves ready to put on. Slide the dominant hand glove over hand pushing the sleeve down, slide sleeve down so only glove and part of cuff is on hand. Continue with regular sterile glove application
trochar needle is
A pen shaped instrument with a sharp triangular point at one end, typically used
inside a hollow tube, cannula, or sleeve to create an opening into the body to
provide an access port during surgery. Trocar needles are used for laparoscopy to
allow for a minimally invasive surgery. Allow escape of gas or fluid from organs
in the body.
Butterfly needle is
A butterfly needle is a device used to access a vein for drawing blood or giving medications.
Used for assessing superficial veins
for hard to stick patients
quinche needle is
aka spinal needle
Needle used to inject anaesthetic or analgesia directly into the cerebral spinal fluid. It is usually injected below the second lumbar vertebra through the spinal cord membranes
Co axial needle
Used for soft tissue core biopsies
Channel for other needles
They makes it possible to precisely define the trajectory of the biopsy device towards its target
Used with Chiba needle
Chiba needle
thin-walled straight needle with a beveled tip angle of 30 degrees
-tip allows for soft penetration and lessens the chance of it deviating
Adjustable needle stop restricts forward movement, localizing the needle tip to the biopsy site
Guide wire is
Used to introduce guide wires into the tissue.
- They are commonly known as Introducer Needles.
- Designed for anterior, single wall, arterial percutaneous puncture.
- Tapered luer hub allows for easy guidewire insertion.
- Enters tight places such as obstructed valves
- allow for guiding of bulky instruments
