Building Terminology Flashcards
What is the handrail on a staircase called?
Bannister
What is it called when bubbles/blisters form on a painted surface?
Blistering
What is a Breeze way?
A covered passage way between a house and an auxiliary building
What is a baseboard?
interior at the intersection of the wall and the floor
What is a horizontal member forming the bottom of an outside door frame over which the door closes
A door sill
What is a dormer?
A window which projects from a sloping roof
What is the part of the roof which projects beyond the face of the wall?
Eave
What is a newel?
A post to which the stair railing or balustrade is fastened
The failure of a coat of paint due to excessive moisture in the wood will cause _______
peeling
What is the vertical board under the tread in stairs called?
riser
What is a thin unit of roofing partially laid in overlapping layers as a roof covering or as cladding on the sides of buildings?
a shingle
What is masonry?
The use of stone brick or other earthen products for the erection of buildings
A ______ is a low platform wither without steps, outside the entrance door of a house
stoop
What is a pipe connecting a gas appliance to conduct the product of combustion to the outside air?
vent
What is a base of the window frame sloped on the outside to shed rain?
sill
A stair ______ is a platform between flights of stairs
landing
Define a staircase
A flight of steps leading from one floor or storey to another above. The term includes landings, newel posts, handrails and balustrades.
An egress is a place of ______
exit
What is an eave soffit?
The under surface of the eave
What is a trough fixed to an eave to collect and carry away the run off from the roof? (Also called a gutter)
eave trough
What is parging?
A coat of plaster or cement mortar applied to masonry or concrete walls
What is a retaining wall?
Any wall erected to hold back or support a bank of earth
A finish member around the face of eaves and roof projections is called what?
A fascia board
What is flashing?
sheet metal or other material used in roof and wall construction to shed water
A waste water outlet and trap in a sloping concrete floor is called a ____ _____
floor drain
A structural member supported at two or more points but not through its full length is called a _____
beam
Define a balcony
A platform protected from the face of a wall either cantilevered or supported by columns or brackets and surrounded by a balustrade or railing
What is an arch?
A mechanical arrangement of building materials which are put together, generally along a curved line in such a way that, supported by piers, abutments or walls, they carry the weight and resist the pressure
What is an angle iron?
a “L” shaped steel section used to support masonry over a window or door opening
The finish board covering the gable rafter on a gable roof is called a ____ ______
barge board
A ______ is an open sub-surface adjacent to a building used to admit light or air as a means of access to an area or floor level below grade
areaway
What is “backfill”?
The material used for a trench or around a foundation wall to replace the void left by excavating
What is an “apron”?
A plain or moulded finish piece below the stool of a window, installed to cover the rough edges of the wall finish. Also the extension of the concrete floor on a garage or other structure beyond the face of the building
A protective barrier at the edge of openings in floors or at the side of stairs, landings, balconies, mezzanines, galleries, raised walkways or other locations to prevent accidental falls from one level to another is a ________
baluster
What is dry rot?
A decay of timer due to the attack of certain fungi
What are ducts?
usually metal pipes round or rectangular in shape for distributing air in heating and ventilation systems
What is the act of cracking in paint called?
checking
What do you use to make tight by a sealing material?
caulk
What is casing?
trim used around window and door openings
What is a column?
a vertical member in which loads are in the direction of its longitudinal axis
A covering at the top of a wall exposed to the weather designed to shed water is called ______
coping
What is a pipe which carries water form the eaves through to the ground or the drainage system?
downspout
What is a canopy?
A roof like structure over an opening in an exterior wall
What is a built up roof?
A roof covering consisting of layers of roofing felt laid in pitch or asphalt. The top is finished with crushed stone or gravel.
What is a cap?
A block or other covering plain or moulded forming the top of a wall, pier, newel post of column, a wall coping and chimney cap
The upper part of a column, plaster, pier, etc. widened for decorative purpose or to distribute loads is called _______
capital
What is a clapboard?
horizontal exterior wood finish shaped or overlapped to provide a weather proof cladding
What is chimney flashing?
metal placed around a chimney where it penetrates through a roof to cover the joint and prevent water from entering
_________: Formation of a white crystalline deposit on the face of masonry walls
Efflorence
Crete or masonry structure designed to permit expansion without damage to the structure is called an _______ joint
expansion
A partition designed to restrict the spread of fire between adjoining rooms or areas is called what?
A fire partition
A down from roofs to a drain or to the ground surface pipe from a roof or gutter designed to carry water is a ?
rainwater leader
______ is the material used other than masonry or stucco used as an exterior wall covering
siding
What is soffit?
the underside of elements of a building, such as staircases and roof overhangs
The layer breaking off of the surface of concrete or brick work usually caused by frost action is _______
spalling
Strips of felt, rubber, metal or other material fixed along the edges of doors or windows to keep out drafts and reduce heat loss is called ?
weather stripping
What is a weep hole?
A small hole at the bottom of a retaining wall to drain water to the exposed face
_______: The method of temporarily supporting by props of timber or other material, buildings and the sides of excavations
shoring
