Bugs with Exotoxins

Question 1

Mechanism, Toxin and Manifestation of:

Corynebacterium

Answer 1

Inactivate EF-2, Diphtheria toxin, Pharyngitis and psudomembrane in throat

Question 2

Mechanism, Toxin and Manifestation of:

Psudomonas diphtheriae

Answer 2

Inactivat EF-2, Exotoxin A, Host cell death

Question 3

Mechanism, Toxin and Manifestation of:

Shigella

Answer 3

Inactivate 60S ribosome, Shiga toxin, GI mucosal damage -> dysentery (ST also enhances cytokine release, causing HUS

Question 4

Yersinia enterocolitica

Answer 4

overactive cGMP leads to lowered re-absorption of NaCl and H20 in gut, Heat stable toxin, Bloody diarrhea

Question 5

ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. coli)

Answer 5

overactive cGMP leads to lowered re-absorption of NaCl and H20 in gut, Heat stable toxin, Watery diarrhea

Question 6

Vibrio cholera

Answer 6

rice water diarrhea; overactive adenylate cyclase

Cholera toxin

Question 7

Clostridium tetani

Answer 7

cleaves SNARE required for NT release; Tetanospasmin; muscle rigidity, no release of inhibitory NTs in spinal cord (ie: GABA and glycine)

Question 8

Clostridium perfringes

Answer 8

phospholipase that degrades tissue and cell membranes, Alpha toxin, myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis

Question 9

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 9

MHCII and TCR in close proximity; overwheming release of IFN gamma and IL-2 which leads to shock; TSS toxin/syndrome