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AP WORLD > Buddhism, Hindu, Islam, China, Song & Tang > Flashcards

Buddhism, Hindu, Islam, China, Song & Tang Flashcards

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AP® World History flashcards
1
Q

Five relationships of Confucianism

A

father - child
ruler - subject
husband - wife
elder brother - younger brother
friend - friend

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2
Q

Filial Piety

A

respect elders

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3
Q

Hinduism Caste System

A
  • rigid hierarchy (cannot move)
  • fewer people at top, more on bottom
  • born into caste
  • untouchables have unclean jobs so no one has contact with them
  • DHARMA = responsibility in caste
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4
Q

Reincarnation in Hinduism

A
  • rebirth of soul
  • must complete DHARMA
  • highest living thing is a cow
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5
Q

Moksha

A

final resting place in Hinduism

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6
Q

Siddhartha

A
  • parents hid him from sufferings, so he had to discover the truth of the
    world alone
  • found true path containing the 4 NOBLE TRUTHS
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7
Q

4 Noble Truths

A
  1. there is suffering in life
  2. desire is the cause of some suffering
  3. way to reduce suffering is to reduce desires
  4. follow 8 Fold Path
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8
Q

8 Fold Path

A

the middle way

the right in everything (understanding, thought, action, etc.)

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9
Q

Sects of Buddhism

A

Theravada = looks at Buddha as a person
Mahayana = looks at Buddha as a profit

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10
Q

Mohammad

A

discovered Allah by Angel Gabriel being in his dream

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11
Q

Hijra

A

622
Mohammad is forced to leave Mecca –> Medina
people are more open to his ideas in Medina

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12
Q

5 Pillars of Faith

A
  1. no god but Allah
  2. pray 5 times a day facing Mecca
  3. give alms to poor
  4. fast in Ramadan
  5. Hajj = pilgrimage to Mecca
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13
Q

Return to Mecca

A

630
Mohammad conquers Mecca –> year 0 in Islamic calendar

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14
Q

Sect in Islam

A

Shia = believes successor should be related
Sunni = believes leaders should elect caliph

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15
Q

Women in Islam

A
  • less than men
  • property of husband
  • have to be covered
  • need to be protected

Under Umayyad dynasty women were treated much better - allowed to trade

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16
Q

Dar al Islam

A

the land where Muslims rule
(2 periods in this age)

17
Q

Umayyad Dynasty

A

huge expansion
- centered in Damascus, Syria
- centralized, burearcy
- not tolerant of non-Arabs, tolerated other religions
- JIZYA = tax on non-Muslims
- women treated more equally

18
Q

Abbasid Dynasty

A
  • capital farther east –> Baghdad
  • decentralized, autonomy
  • greater tolerance (allowed to trade and be a part of gov’t) but still jizya
  • took Persian customs –> women were not treated well
  • tolerant of new ideas
19
Q

Islamic Golden Age

A

internal piece
took on unionism
access to resources, ideas, open-minded

20
Q

Khyber pass

A

opening in mountains that tribes snuck through to get to India

21
Q

Delhi Sultanate

A

when Muslims conquered Delhi in India

22
Q

Sikhism and syncretism

A

Nanak created Sikhism hoping to stop fights between Muslims and Hindus

Syncretism = create a culture from several other cultures

23
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

have God’s power/hand

is lost when a natural disaster, drought or hunger occurs

24
Q

Tang Dynasty

A
  • controlled more land
  • unified and centralized –> returned stability
25
Q

Song Dynasty

A
  • Emperor Taizu (strong warrior)
  • revival of Confucianism ideas –> Neo-confucianism
  • Champa rice –> from Vietnam, did not require much irrigation and was durable –> SURPLUS
26
Q

Golden Age in China

A

in the Song, but Tang laid foundation
- gun powder

27
Q

Decline in China

A

taken over by Mongols

28
Q

Ghengis Khan

A

great warrior, wanted to conquer world

29
Q

Nomadic tribesman

A
  • stirrups - for feet on horses
  • long bow for range
  • gun powder

MUCH MORE ADVANCED

30
Q

Mongols and Chinese

A
  • Mongols separated themselves as much as they could
  • lack of assimilated Chinese culture into Mongol culture
  • Marco Polo arrived, Mongols welcomed them, Chinese hated outsiders
  • Women were equal in Mongol society

BOTH VERY DIFFERENT CULTURES

AP WORLD (5 decks)

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