BRTP01 Flashcards
Normal Heart rate
60-100 beats per minute
Normal range of respiratory rate
12-20 breaths per minute
Normal range of blood pressure
90/60 to 140/90
Average temperature
98.7 degrees F or 36.4- 37.2 degrees C
Apnea
Absence of breathing
Hyperpnea
Increased depth of breathing or air flow
Hypopnea
Decreased depth of breathing and air flow
Eupnea
Normal breathing
Hyperventilation
Increased ventilation that results in an abnormally low CO2 levels (less than 35)
Hypoventilation
Decreased ventilation that results in an abnormally high CO2 level ( greater than 45)
Bradypnea
Decrease in respiratory rate ( less than 12 breaths per minute)
Tachypnea
Increase in respiratory rate ( RR higher than 20 breaths per minute)
Capillary refill
Pressing nails and watching for color to return.
Color should return in less than 3 seconds
If greater than 3 seconds it indicates poor perfusion.
Common causes are low BP and decreased cardio output.
Sensorium
Mental status
Oriented to time, place, person
(Oriented x 3)
Alert
Awake, coherent, responsive
Lethargic
Awake but drowsy
Obtunded
How to stimulate to get response or to show eyes
Stuporous
Withdraw from pain
Ex: if you pinch hand they will pull hand back
Comatose
No response, nothing.
Tachycardia
Increase in HR (greater than 100 beats per minute)
Causes: Hypoxia Infection and fever Shock Anxiety, stress, fear Medications
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Waxing and waning tidal volumes with periods of apnea. Usually a neuro issue or Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Kussmaul’s respiration
Rapid, deep breaths. Typically related to diabetic Keto acidosis. (Patient will be panting)
Biot’s respiration
Variable rate and depth of breaths with periods of apnea. Can be caused by meningitis, head injury, increase ICP, brain tumor. (Neurological issue) (panting w apnea)
Systolic pressure
Pressure when heart is contracting