BRTP 02 Oxygen systems Flashcards
1
Q
Concentration of nitrogen in air
A
78%
2
Q
Concentration of oxygen in air
A
20.9 or 21%
3
Q
Concentration of argon in air
A
0.93%
4
Q
Concentration of carbon dioxide in air
A
0.03%
5
Q
What % of oxygen is required for respiration
A
21%
6
Q
Psi
A
Force exerted by gases in pounds per square inch
All tanks measured in psi
7
Q
Psia**
A
Force in pounds per square inch absolute which is exerted by atmosphere (14.7 psi)
8
Q
Psig
A
Pounds per square inch gauge
9
Q
Carbon dioxide
A
CO2
10
Q
Carbon monoxide
A
CO
11
Q
Helium
A
He
12
Q
Nitrogen
A
N2
13
Q
Nitrous oxide
A
N2O
14
Q
Oxygen
A
O2
15
Q
Nitric oxide
A
NO
16
Q
Air
A
AIR
17
Q
What cylinder gases support combustion (nonflammable)?
A
Oxygen Nitrous oxide Air Oxygen nitrogen mix Oxygen carbon dioxide mix Helium oxygen mix
(Anything with an “oxygen mix” will support combustion (nonflammable)
18
Q
What cylinder gases are nonflammable gases (do not burn)?
A
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Helium
19
Q
Flammable gases (burn easily, potentially explosive)?
A
Carbon monoxide
20
Q
CGA (compressed gas association)
A
OVERSEES MANUFACTURE keyword
storage and transport
Provides standards and SAFETY SYSTEMS for compressed gas systems
21
Q
DOT (department of transportation)
A
Regulations for manufacturing storage and TRANSPORT of compressed gas
Filling, marking, and labeling
22
Q
FDA (food and drug administration)
A
SETS PURITY STANDARDS
Monitors company compliance
23
Q
NFPA (National fire protection agency)
A
Gas storage and delivery
Fire protection and safety INDUSTRY STANDARDS for safe manufacture, storage, and transport of gas
24
Q
What color are oxygen tanks?
A
Steel: green
Aluminum tanks: green and silver
25
What is the make up of the air around us?
Nitrogen and oxygen
26
What is the purity requirement for medical oxygen?
99%
27
Which gas supports combustion?
Oxygen
28
Steel cylinders should be tested how often?
Every 10 years
29
How often should aluminum cylinders be tested?
5 years
30
Hydrostatic test of a cylinder
Consists of loading a water filled cylinder into a sealed chamber, which is also filled with water
The inside of the cylinder is then pressurized to five-thirds its working pressure with water. The water displace is measured.
31
Make sure hydrostatic test date is within
5 years for aluminum
| 10 years for steel
32
A plus sign (+) on a cylinder indicates
A plus sign (+) means test passed and that a cylinder is approved for filling to 10% above its service pressure
33
An asterisk (*) on a cylinder indicates
An * denote testing is good for 10 years
34
To be considered safe a tank
Must have a recent hydrostatic test date and tests mark
35
What is the critical temp for oxygen?
-118 degrees Celsius
It is kept in such a low temp to keep it in liquid form in order to store more.
Room temp oxygen is gas.
36
Liquid oxygen to gas conversion?
1 liter of liquid O2 is equal to 860 liters of gas
37
What is the desired pressure working pressure (pressure throughout the hospital)?
50 psi
38
Zoning
Segments of the piping system must have a zone valve (shut off valve)
Zone valves located on every floor, wing, and each surgery room, sometimes er room
(Important) Zone valves allow shut off to certain areas in the event of an emergency.
39
Build liquid oxygen systems are made up of what 3 systems
Primary supply
Secondary supply
Reserve supply
40
2 types of cylinder valves
Direct acting
| Diaphragm
41
3 types of gas outlet relief valve
Frangible
Fusible plug
Spring loaded devices
42
Direct acting valve
One piece moved by threads
Withstands high pressure (greater than 1500 psi)
43
Diaphragm valve
Threaded stem
Turning clockwise resets diaphragm and closes valve
Preferred when pressure is less than 1500 psi
44
Frangible/rupture disks
Used in small cylinders
Thin metal disk buckles and gives way under excessive pressure
45
Fusible plug
Small cylinders use an alloy plug designed to melt at a temp of 208-220 F
46
Spring loaded device
Large cylinders use these
Designed to release excessive cylinder pressure and reseal
47
Cylinder safety systems
Purpose to prevent use of wrong gas in patient
ASSS (American standard safety system) H-K tanks use this (largest tanks)
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PISS (pin index safety system)
E cylinders (small tanks use this)
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DISS(diameter index safety systems)
All other threads (except for tanks) and walls uses these
Quick connect system
48
ASSS
Remember large tanks use these
Remember nipple design
Nipple on a big ASSS tank
49
Pin index safety system
PISS
Remember small tank
2 pin placement into holes in the post valve
50
Pin index safety system numbers to remember
2 pin # for air is 1&5
2 pin # for oxygen is 2&5
51
Diameter index safety system
**important**
Found at gas connection where pressure is 200 psi or less
“Hospital” wall outlets uses these
52
Quick connect systems
Single quick connect systems are used throughout each hospital
This is a variation of DISS connection, used to connect wall station outlets
Quick connect used in melodys lab
53
Safety system used on low pressures less than 200 psi?
DISS
54
What is the purpose of a pressure relief valve on cylinder valve stem?
Relieve pressure when pressure is too high due to heat
55
Duration of cylinder equation
Duration =
(cylinder pressure x cylinder factor)
/flow rate of gas
If needs in hours divide by 60
56
Factor per cylinder size
D. 0.16
E. 0.28
G. 2.41
H to K. 3.14
57
Duration formula again
Pressure X factor
| /flow
58
Reducing valves
Decrease cylinder pressure to a set value
Can be present or adjustable
59
Flowmeter
Sets the RATE of gas flow to patients in liters per min
60
Regulator
Reducing valves and a flowmeter in one device
61
More on reducing valves
Preset reducing valve is usually 50 psi
Adjustable reducing valve is usually between 0 to 100 psi
Single stage. Reduces working pressure to 50 psi in one step
Multistage has more than 1 level of pressure reducing valve system and working pressure (just remember these are on H tanks)
62
E tanks are used
To power devices
63
Regulators
Regulate both gas pressure and flow
Reducing valve- used for reduction in gas pressure
Flowmeter- used for control of gas flow to a patient
64
Flowmeters allow us to do what for a patient
Give a specific amount of gas to a patient
65
3 types of Flowmeter
Thorpe (most common)
Bourdon gauge
Flow restrictor
*Flowmeters must be attached to a pressure reducing valve or bedside wall gas outlet (50 psi source)
66
Bourdon gauge
Measure PRESSURE
Reads flow on scale
Not affected by gravity (can lay flat)
Will register flow even when blocked
If occluded it will measure higher than what is actually coming out
67
Thorpe tube
(Truly measure flow)
Hollow tapered tube with ball (or float) inside
Pressure caused by flow of gas moves ball up
Is affected by gravity
68
2 types of Thorpe tubes
Compensated (preferred instrument to regulate flow in most patient situations)
Uncompensated
69
3 ways to tell if Thorpe tube is compensated
It’s labeled compensated
With gas in and thumb obstructing flow of gas outlet, the float falls to 0
With needle valve closed, the Flowmeter is plugged into wall outlet, the float will momentarily jump and fall back to 0
70
Important to remember bourdon vs Thorpe
Bourdon is NOT affected by gravity
Thorpe IS affected by gravity
71
A Flowmeter requires what working pressure
50 psi
72
What is the purpose of a reducing valve
Reducing working pressure to 50 psi
73
All in one E cylinder
Most common cylinder used in hospitals today
Saves time applying regulator
74
3 ways to tell Flowmeter Is compensated
Labeled, needle valve, affected by gravity
75
Flow restrictor
Is set to 7-8 L/M
76
Oxygen blenders
When Two 50 psi gas sources are needed usually air and oxygen)
77
When using a blender an alarm will sound when
Difference between 2 gas sources is greater than 10 psi
78
Air compressor
A device that produces compressed room air 21% oxygen
Home compressors 30 psi
Hospital compressors 50 psi
79
Color for oxygen
Green
80
International color for oxygen
White
81
Color of carbon dioxide
Gray
82
Color of nitrous oxide
Light blue
83
Helium color
Brown
84
Color of carbon dioxide and oxygen
Gray/ green or gray and green
85
Color of helium and oxygen
Brown/ green or brown and white
86
Color of air
Yellow
87
Color of nitric oxide
Teal and black
88
Air compressor and blenders
You need a high flow blender to power a ventilator or deliver greater than 15 lpm blended gas flow
Airflow will always give 21%
89
Calculation of FiO2
%O2= ((airflow x 21) + (oxygen flow x 100)) / air flow + oxygen
