Bronchodilators

Question 1

Are b2 adrenergic receptors long or short acting

Answer 1

Short acting

Question 2

Reason for b2 agonists being delivered via inhaler

Answer 2

Minimises adverse affects. Not exposed to other b receptors on the body. Allows immediate access to site of action.

Question 3

Examples of b2 adrenergic receptors

Answer 3

Salbutamol - short acting (4hrs)

Salmeterol - long acting (8-12 hrs)

Question 4

Salbutamol clinical uses

Answer 4

Asthma - acute, exercise induced,
COOD and bronchitis
Cystic fibrosis

Question 5

Salmeterol clinical uses

Answer 5

Asthma - severe persistent
COPD
NOT USED TO TREAT ASTHMA ATTACK- TAKES TOO LONG
often given in conjunction with steroids

Question 6

What do M3 receptors on the bronchus and bronchioles do

Answer 6

Constict airways

Question 7

What do b2 receptors on bronchioles do

Answer 7

Smooth muscle relaxation / bronchodilaton

Question 8

How do muscarinic antagonists work

Answer 8

Block action of Ach on M3 muscarinic receptors ( competitive receptor).

Question 9

Are muscarinic antagonists long or short acting.

Answer 9

Short acting

Question 10

Example of muscarinic agonist

Answer 10

Ipratropium bromide

Question 11

Ipratropium bromide clinical uses

Answer 11

COPD
ASTHMA
BRONCHITIS

Question 12

What beneficial impacts does methylxanthines have for those with asthma and COPD

Answer 12

Bronchodilator

Anti inflammatory

Question 13

Example of a methylxanthine

Answer 13

Theophyline
Administered orally
Not used as first line - narrow therapeutic window and some potentially dangerous side effects

Question 14

What effects to leukotriene receptor antagonists have

Answer 14

Used as PREVENTOR
causes bronchodilation
Dampens inflammation

Question 15

Example of a leukotriene receptor antagonists

Answer 15

Montelukast