Beta Lactams

Question 1

What is a B lactam ring

Answer 1

A B lactam ring is a four membered cyclic amide

Question 2

What elements of beta lactam structure are necessary

Answer 2

b lactam ring
Free carboxylic acid
Strained bicylic ring
Acylamino side chain ( varying this changes type of pencil in )

Question 3

What is 6 APA used for

Answer 3

Good starting group for making penicillins with modified R group

Question 4

Mechanism of action of penicillins

Answer 4

As part of the cell wall synthesis , bacteria produce trans peptitadase, an enzyme which catalyses cross linking of peptidoglycan - essential for viable cell wall

b lactam antibiotic, bind with, them react with , transpeptidass( through the strained, reactive B lactam ring ) thereby inhibiting an essentail step in cell wall synthesis

Waste can then Penetrate the cell , which subsequently dies

Question 5

How does size of R group effect efficiency of B lactam Antibiotic

Answer 5

Bulkier r Group, decreases activity against transpeptidase. Doesn’t bind as efficiently to transpeptidase enzyme

⬇️R group size decreased ability for B lactamase to bind

Fine balance