Bronchodilators

Question 1

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists “Terols”

Answer 1

Most effective drugs available for relieving acute bronchospasm and preventing exercise induced bronchospasm
1st line agent for almost every asthma patient
SABA: Abort ongoing attack or prior to exercise to prevent EIB (nebulized in hospital pts)
LABA: Used on a fixed schedule to prevent exacerbations. ALWAYS combined with an ICS otherwise death
ADR: Tachycardia, angina, tremor, nervousness, excitement

Question 2

Albuterol

Answer 2

Bronchospasm, exercise induced and otherwise
B2A
Levalbuterol: Initially thought to have less jitters/tachycardia (unproven)

Question 3

LABAS

Answer 3

Never used as monotherapy

Formoterol, Olodaterol, Salmeterol, Vilanterol, Arformoterol, Indacterol

Question 4

Muscarinic Antagonists

Answer 4

Anticholinergic
COPD, gaining approval for asthma
SAMA: Faster onset, shorter duration, used for attacks (COPD exacerbations), often combined with Albuterol
LAMA: Similar to LABA, used for control/long term prophylaxis/prevention
ADR: Dry mouth, irritation of pharynx, urinary retention

Question 5

Ipratropium

Answer 5

COPD

SAMA

Question 6

LAMAs

Answer 6

Tiotropium
Aclidinium
Umeclidinium
Revefenacin
Glycopyrrolate