Bronchiolitis & Pulmonary TB Flashcards
what is bronchiolitis?
Acute viral LRTI associated with inflammation of the bronchioles
Which age group is most likely to her bronchiolitis?
2-12months
What is the most common virus to cause bronchiolitis?
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
what are the clinical features of bronchiolitis
Coryza low grade fever cough difficulty breathing apnoeic episodes?
Which children are most likely to get apnoeic episodes in bronchiolitis?
infants
What is coryza?
rhinitis, inflammation of the mucus membrane of the nose
What will be found on examination in bronchiolitis?
low grade fever tachypnea hypoxaemia inspiratory crackles expiratory wheeze palpable liver
Why would an infant with bronchiolitis develop a palpable liver on examination?
because there can be hyperinflation of the lunch, the diaphragm pushes down in the liver, making it palpable, but does not increase its size
What investigations can be done on a baby with bronchioloitis?
CXR - though usually not indicated if it is clinically apparent that bronchiolitis is the cause
Nasopharyngeal aspirate - to test for pathogen. Only done in children who are kept in hispital
What would be found on a CXR of a baby with bronchiolitis?
Non-specific, hyperinflation, patchy infiltration, focal atelectasis
on a CXR what is atelectasis?
partial collapse or incomplete infiltration
What are the risk factors for severe bronchiolitis?
infants
what are the indications for hospitalisation in an infant with bronchiolitis?
risk factors present
sat 60 with recesstion and poor feeding
What is the management of bronchiolitis?
oxygen fluids apneoa monitoring isolation nasal continuous postive pressures
What are the complications of bronchiolitis?
otitis media
secondary bacterial infection
