Bronchiectasis/Cystic Fibrosis Flashcards
What causes half of the cases of bronchiectasis?
Cystic Fibrosis
Most common organism that causes in bronchiectasis in non- cystic fibrosis patients?
H. Influenza
bronchiectasis clinical presentation
- Cough
- Daily copious amounts of mucopurulent sputum lasting months to years
- Hemoptysis
- Pleuritic chest pain
bronchiectasis physical exam findings
- Crackles/Rhonchi
- Scattered wheezing
- Clubbing
What would you expect to find on the sputum analysis that is specific to bronchiectasis?
Dittrich plugs-small white/yellow concentrations
CXR findings in bronchiectasis
- Mucus plugging
- Tram lines: Dilated and thickened airways
- Increased pulmonary markings
- Ring-like structures
What is gold standard imaging for bronchiectasis?
High Resolution CT (HRCT)
CBC findings in bronchiectasis
- leukocytosis with left shift
2. Polycythemia- due to chronic hypoxia
What conditions do you want to r/o in bronchiectasis? What labs would you order?
- alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency: Quantitative serum
2. Cystic Fibrosis: Pilocarpine iontophoresis= Sweat test
bronchiectasis diagnostic
Spirometry
-Obstructive pattern
bronchiectasis treatment
- Abx & chest physiotherapy
- Bronchodilators
- Corticosteroids
- Smoking cessation!
Cystic Fibrosis etiology
- Autosomal recessive genetic disorder
- Dz of EXOCRINE gland function
What does the defect in the CFTR gene result in?
Abnormal chloride transport channels
CF clinical presentation
- Chronic hacking cough
- GI manifestations: Meconium ileus, obstruction, malabsorption
- Infertility in males, undescended testes
- Sinus infection
CF diagnosis
Clinical presentation + Genetic finding
