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A level History - Britain > Britain's position in the world, 1951-97, dates and stats > Flashcards

Britain's position in the world, 1951-97, dates and stats Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Berlin Blockade?

A

1948-49 - Britain and USA co-ordinated.

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2
Q

Marshal Scheme

A

1948 - USA gave Britain (and other countries) financial aid.

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3
Q

When was NATO formed?

A

1949

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4
Q

When and what was the Geneeva agreement?

A

1954 - divided Vietnam - Britain supported US.

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5
Q

When was the Suez Crisis?

A

1956 - not supported by USA - Eisenhower was furious.

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6
Q

When was the Vietnam war?

A

1955-75 - Britain did not provide USA with military aid (economic reasons)

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7
Q

When was Cuban Missile Crisis?

A

1962

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8
Q

Which police UN policy did both USA and Britain oppose?

A

UN sanction against apartheid regime in South Africa.

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9
Q

What war did USA lend military aid to under Thatcher?

A

Falklands war

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10
Q

When did US use British air bases and for what?

A

1986 - bomb Libya.

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11
Q

What was Reegan’s ‘Star Wars’ initiative?

A

Strategic Defence Initiative – laser capable of shooting incoming missiles - T sceptical of it.

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12
Q

USA invasion of Grenada?

A

1983 - to remove left-wing government.

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13
Q

Which war did USA and Britain co-operate to remove Iraq’s troops from Kuwait – after invasion by Saddam Hussein?

A

1st Gulf War

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14
Q

Ethnic cleansing in Yugoslavia?

A

1992-1995 - US and Britain collaborated in UN - Brought about Dayton Peace Accords.

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15
Q

When was the Korean War?

A

1950-53 - supported by Russian and China.

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16
Q

When was Hungarian revolt?
When was Czech Crisis?

A

1956
1968

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17
Q

When was the Berlin wall built?

A

1961

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18
Q

When did the UK expel soviet diplomats from the UK - how many?

A

100 Soviet diplomats form Britain 1971.

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19
Q

Fall of Stalin?

A

1953

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20
Q

When did Khrushchev visit Britain?
When did Macmillan Visit Moscow?

A

Khrushchev visited Britain 1956 – Macmillan – Moscow 1959.

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21
Q

Thatcher and Gorbachev state visits?

A

1984

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22
Q

Fall of USSR control?
Break up of USSR?

A

1989
1991

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23
Q

British Efforts in… paved way for Russia to join exclusive club of leading industrialised nations called…

A

1990
called G8

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24
Q

When did Yeltsin visit Britain and sign wide-ranging agreements – trade and military co-operation.

A

1992

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25
Q

where and where was the 1st meeting of general assembly and Security Council?

A

London Jan 1946.

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26
Q

England contribution to UN budget even in 2013-15?

A

6.7% of the total budget

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27
Q

Britain peacekeeping force for UN in Cyprus?

A

Since 1964

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28
Q

How many times has Britain used the right to veto?
Examples?

A

32 times since 1956
vetoed resolutions over demands for majority rule in Rhodesia – 1963-1976.

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29
Q

Britain vetoes UN condemning USA Libya bombing

A

1986

30
Q

How many British troops deployed to support humanitarian and Peacekeeping in the former Yugoslavia?

A

2,500

31
Q

when was European Free Trade Area established?

A

1960

32
Q

Countries in EFTA

A

UK, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Switzerland and Portugal

33
Q

Britain’s rejection from EEC?
Why?

A

1961
France vetoed against Britain’s membership – president Charles de Gaulle – doubted British commitment to united Europe.

34
Q

National referendum of EEC membership?

A

1975 - 2:1 to remain members.

35
Q

Whenw as Britain accepted to EEC?

A

1973 - under Heath’s gov

36
Q

EEC becomes European Union?

A

1993

37
Q

When did Charle de Gaulle retire?

A

French president who vetoed Britain joining EEC
1969 - retired.

38
Q

Britains membership of ERM?

A

Brief from 1990 - forced to exit - ensuing crash of 16 September 1992 was subsequently dubbed “Black Wednesday”.

39
Q

When did Major sign treaty for greater economic + political union – did not accept common currency (euro)?

A

Maastricht Treaty 1991

40
Q

Which European administrative agency did Britain not join - 1950s?

A

European Coal and Steel Community 1952

41
Q

Which discussions/ treaty did Britain not partake in in 1950s?

A

Treaty of Rome in 1955 – Established European Economic Community.

42
Q

Britain 1st nuclear bomb built?

A

1947 - detterent prior to NATO treaty.

43
Q

NATO treaty commits the allies to come to the defense of all members in the event of an attack

A

1949

44
Q

Macmillan persuades US (Kennedy) to supply Britain with Polaris missiles to carry British warheads?

A

1969

45
Q

when was the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) founded?

A

1958

46
Q

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) protest?

A

annual
in 1960 - over 100,000 protestors.

47
Q

When did US, USSR and UK begin testing nuclear bombs?

A

1963 - space, underwater, in atmosphere.

48
Q

Treaty not to share nuclear technologies with other nations?

A

1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

49
Q

SALT treaties?

A

Strategic Arms and Limitations Treaties (SALT) 1972 and 1979 - Britain’s supply so insignificant - did not play a role.

50
Q

USSR deploying SS-20 intermediate range missiles?

A

Mid 1970s

51
Q

NATO powers – agreed to deploy US intermediate range cruise missiles in response to USSR?

A

1979

52
Q

Protestor camp outside RAF and USAF base at Greenham Common in Berkshire?

A

1981 – women only – lasted 19 years.

53
Q

‘Zero Option’ discussions?

A

Between Reagan and Gorbachev - complete abolition of nuclear weapons on both sides - Thatcher opposed.

54
Q

Nuclear arsenals and USA and USSR decreased significantly?

A

After fall of the USSR in 1991.

55
Q

When was the armistice signed to end the Korean War?

A

July 1953

56
Q

How many troops killed in Korean War:
British
American

A

British: 700
American: 34,000

57
Q

When was the Suez crisis?

A

1956

58
Q

Since when had UK been a major share-soldier in the Anglo- French company running Suez Canal?

A

1875

59
Q

What amount of oil supplies for Europe pass through Suez Canal?

A

2/3rds

60
Q

British Cabinets admission about Nasser’s nationalisation of Suez Canal?

A

his ‘actions amounted to no more than a decision to buy out the shareholders.’
-Not illegal

61
Q

When did Argentine troops invaded Falkland islands?

A

April 1982

62
Q

When did Argentine troops retreat from Falkland islands?

A

June 1982 - British victory of Falkland War

63
Q

When did Britain partake in Gulf War?

A

1991

64
Q

What further war did Action in Kuwait lead to?

A

war in Iraq 2003 – far greater consequences.

65
Q

Indian Independence?

A

1947

66
Q

Ghana’s leader who offered to keep an independent Ghana in the commonwealth.

A

Nkrumah

67
Q

Non-Alignment movement established?

A

1995 - independent nations – denounced colonial rule.

68
Q

Colonial Wars:
Kenya
Cyprus
Malaya

A

Kenya against Mau Mau terrorists (1952-63)
Cyprus against EOKA opposition (1955-60).
Malaya (1948-60)

69
Q

When did Apartheid end and South Africa re-join Commonwealth?

A

1994

70
Q

When did South Africa withdraw from the Commonwealth?

A

1961 - over hostility to its Apartheid regime.

71
Q

When did Rhodesia claim independence?

A

1961

72
Q

Act restricting immigration from the Commonwealth?

A

1962 - Commonwealth Immigration Act.

A level History - Britain (11 decks)

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