Bristol

Question 1

How is the population distributed in the UK

Answer 1

82% are living in urban areas

Question 2

Where are the cities in the UK disitrbuted

Answer 2

Most densely populate areas reflect its industrial past. Shaped by the industrial revolution in the 18th century.

Question 3

factors affecting distribution in the Uk

Answer 3

General drift towards South East England and London
Migration to the Uk has been greater than outward migration. Immigrants settle in larger cities where there are more job opportunities
Movement from urban to rural areas. Many people choosing to retire to live on the coast or in the country.

Question 4

What makes Bristol a major UK city

Answer 4

It is the largest city in the South West of England. Population of 440500.

Question 5

Bristol’s major UK city: education, tourism, religion and culture and entertainment and industry

Answer 5

Education: two universities
Industry: the largest concentration of silicon chips manufactured outside of California
Tourism: the UK’s eight most popular city for foreign visitors
Religion: a mix including mosques and synagogues, Christianity is represented by two cathedrals
Culture and entertainment: several theatres and music venues, including the famous Bristol Old Vic theatre.

Question 6

Causes of growth and development in Bristol

Answer 6

. It golds a strategic position on the M4 corridor, with good road and rail links, easy access to London and rail and ferry services to Europe
.Bristol airport links the city to major European centres and the USA
.Change from dependence on traditional industry like tobacco and paper, to the development of global industries such as financial and business services, including aerospace
.High levels of FDI in manufacturing and high-tech businesses
.Bristol University attracts students from all over the world, producing graduates who often go into professional , managerial and knowledge based jobs

Question 7

What change has happened to Bristol’s population

Answer 7

In recent years migration from abroad has accounted for half of Bristol’s population growth.

Question 8

Impacts of migration in Bristol

Answer 8

.pressures on housing and employment
.Improving the level of skills where there are shortages
.Enriching the city’s cultural life
.The need to provide education for children whose first language is not English

Question 9

What is St Paul’s carnival

Answer 9

It’s aim to help improve relations between the European, African, Caribbean and Asian communities.

Question 10

How is Bristol Changing

Answer 10

Rapid population growth
Population is becoming ethnically more diverse
More people in Bristol under 16 than of pensionable age
Over 2 million people live within 50km of the city
Its network of motorway, road, rail and air connections has made it more accessible
Electrification of the rail line to London will reduce the journey time to just 70 minutes

Question 11

Opportunities of change in Bristol (recreation and entertainment)

Answer 11

Cabot Circus (new shopping development £500 million) & Bristol Rovers (football club)
Increased tourism
Lots of job creation in retail
Reduced crime in Bristol because areas will be much more safer as they are monitored due to the new stadiums and shopping centres

Question 12

Costs of change in Bristol (recreation and entertainment)

Answer 12

May lead to a decline in income for local shops as people prefer to go to well established restaurants.

Question 13

Opportunities of change in Bristol (employment)

Answer 13

Lots of high tech companies have moved into Bristol
Increased migration into Bristol because of the well paying jobs
Invites more people to go to university in Bristol because of the close links Increased skill of workforce.

Question 14

Costs of change in Bristol (employment)

Answer 14

People who are not as skilled may struggle to find well paying jobs

Question 15

Opportunities of change in Bristol (urban greening)

Answer 15

More than 1/3rd of Bristol is open space. Motorway has been turned into green space.
Decrease in pollution
Decrease in air pollution. Increase in QOL
People are encouraged to exercise because of the green spaces
27% of the city to be part of a wildlife network

Question 16

Costs of change in Bristol (urban greening)

Answer 16

Furthermore, house prices increase because they are less houses because of the amount of green spaces
Houses may have to be built very close together decreasing the size of the houses

Question 17

What global technologies are in Bristol

Answer 17

Toshiba and Huawei

Question 18

Changes to Bristol’s environment

Answer 18

Transport improvements
Improved energy efficiency
Development of renewable energy

Question 19

Changes to Bristol’s environment

Answer 19

Improve energy efficiency reduce - energy use by 30 percent and CO2 emissions by 40% by 2020
Reduce water pollution by improved monitoring and maintenance
Increase the use of brownfield sites for new businesses and housing

Question 20

Integrated transports system for Bristol

Answer 20

Second most congested city in the Uk

The integrated transport systems link together different forms of transport within the city and the surrounding areas. Development of the ITS will improve accessibility to and within the city. Reducing congestion and transport costs.

Encouraging people to switch from cars to public transport. More sustainable use.

Question 21

Derelict buildings

Answer 21

WW2: 3000 demolished and 1800 damaged
This causes squatters graffiti and violence
Royal mail sorting office (2.1Ha) empty.
Property nearby devalued by 18% due to bombed St Peter’s church.
Many of the derelict building are found in the inner city

Question 22

Solutions to derelict buildings

Answer 22

AEO converts empty office building into affordable housing
2006-13: 94% of new buildings on brownfield sites

Question 23

Waste disposal in Bristol

Answer 23

1/2 a million tonnes of waste per year
1600-1800 tonnes of cardboard waste and food waste by schools
Increased business waste from cabot circus and Filwood green park
20% of food waste goes to landfill

Question 24

Solutions of waste disposal in Bristol

Answer 24

Increased recycling to 50%
23% less waste per person than UK average
Poo bus (run on bio methane gas from sewage)
Furniture renovated and resold
Specialised kerbside bins reducing waste per houshe-hold by 15%
Avonmouth waste plant provides 25,000 homes with electricity

Question 25

Air pollution in Bristol

Answer 25

most congested city in England
Bus routes more polluted 200 people a year die from air pollution
Pollution from industrial areas are blown over cities

Question 26

Solutions to air pollution in Bristol

Answer 26

Reducing speed limits in residential areas and motorways
New walking and cycling routes
Electric car charging program smartphone app with information about the integrated transport system

Question 27

Social inequality in Bristol Stoke Bishop

Answer 27

< 300 crimes a year
Attractive modern houses
< 2 percent overcrowded
Less than 3% in poverty
Life expectancy is (4 years greater than in Bristol)
2% of the population are unemployed

Question 28

Social inequality in Filwood

Answer 28

Over 1/3rd of the population are unemployed or have never worked
Overcrowded council houses
Low life expectancy (-3 years from Bristol’s)
Poor access to services
1300 crimes per year

Question 29

What’s being done to reduce inequality in Bristol

Answer 29

150 new homes (30% affordable) built to a igh standard
Charity provides 3 week english courses for non-native english speakers
The park- community centre with gym, creche and more built

Question 30

What is the Bristol and Bath green belt

Answer 30

Was set up to prevent urban sprawl on the rural-urban fringe and the merging of the cities of Bath and Bristol.

Question 31

South Gloucestershire

Answer 31

Building of the new town of Bradley Stoke, built in the late 1980s. New development of 1200 homes has been built on land at Harry Stoke.

Question 32

Bristol Harbourside

Answer 32

Bristol’s dockland declined when cargo ships become too large to pass through. The closure of several industries around Bristol docks left several building empty and unused. Industrial buildings repurposed for housing.

Question 33

Benefits of Bristol Harbourside

Answer 33

A very run down part of the city has been redeveloped
Several listed buildings have been preserved

Question 34

Advantages of building on brownfield sites

Answer 34

Existing infrastructure
Doesn’t use green space
easier to gain planning permissions
Closer to CBD reduces the journey time

Question 35

Advantages of building on greenfield sites

Answer 35

Increased space close to motorways
Blank canvas

Question 36

Disadvantages of building on brownfield sites

Answer 36

Expensive to remove old foundations
Can be restricted in development
inner city houses increasing price due to redevelopment

Question 37

Disadvantages of building on greenfield sites

Answer 37

Have to build new drainage road etc
Visual pollution
Loss of biodiversity

Question 38

Temple Gate’s new transport system

Answer 38

More cycle paths and pathways
Increased safety and decreased congestion and decreased air pollution
Road layout changed
Increased accessibility and allowing people to commute in and avoid high prices

Question 39

Brunel’s engine shed

Answer 39

Use of brownfield sites, no impact on the environment
Economics benefits because of high tech companies moving in
Complements new campus

Question 40

New Uni campus

Answer 40

Brownfield sites used
Big tech companies want to move in due to the increased skill of the population
Economic benefits
1500 accommodation has been built reducing commuting in. Increasing air quality decreasing congestion.

Question 41

Temple gateways

Answer 41

Eco friendly streets and space
Increased local biodiversity
Increased safety because of regeneration
Increases views
Designs connected with local ecology

Question 42

Enterprise zones

Answer 42

Range of incentives such as low corporation tax encouraging local growth and increased job variety
Aim 22,000 jobs in 25 years all business taxes reinvested.

Question 43

What is Brunel’s engine shed and the temple gate scheme

Answer 43

Temple Meads is Bristol’s main railway station and the Temple Gate area is the first part of the city visitors and commuters reach. Changes made to the road network to improve accessibility.

£1.7 million innovation centre is being developed this is called Brunel’s engine shed. This is home to many high tech creative and low carbon sector companies.