Brick Flashcards
A masonry unit of clay, formed into a rectangular prism while plastic and hardened by drying in the sun or firing in a kiln
Brick
Brick made for general building purposes and not specifically treated for color and texture
Common Brick, Building Brick
Brick made of special clays for facing a wall, often treated to produce the desired color and surface texture
Facing Brick, Face Brick
Designation indicating the permissible variation in size, color, chippage and distortion allowed in a facing brick unit
Brick type
Facing brick suitable for use where minimum variation in size, color range and high degree of mechanical perfection is required
FBX
Facing brick suitable for use where greater variation in size & color range is required
FBS
Facing brick suitable for use where particular effects are desired resulting in non-uniformity of bricks
FBA
A designation indicating the durability of a brick unit when exposed to weathering.
Brick grade
Brick suitable for exposure to moderate weathering, as when used above grade on surfaces unlikely to be permeated with water in sub-freezing temperatures.
MW
Brick suitable for exposure to severe weathering, as when in contact with ground or used on surfaces likely to be permeated with water in sub-freezing temperatures.
SW
Brick suitable for exposure to negligible weathering, as when used as a backup or an interior masonry.
NW
The weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit when immersed in either cold or boiling water for a stated length of time, expressed as a percentage of the weight of the dry unit.
Absorption
The ratio of the weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit immersed in cold water to the weight absorbed when immersed in boiling water, indicating the probable resistance of the brick to the action of freezing and thawing.
Saturation coefficient
The weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit when partially immersed for one minute, expressed in grams or ounces per minute. Aka initial rate of absorption.
Suction
A white, powdery deposit that forms on an exposed masonry or concrete surface caused by the leaching and crystallization of soluble salts from within the material.
Efflorescence
The process of forming brick by molding relatively wet clay having a moisture content of 20-30%
Soft-Mud Process
Brick formed in the soft mud process with a mold lined with sand to prevent sticking, producing a matte-textured surface.
Sand-Struck Brick
Brick formed in the soft-mud process with a mold lubricated with water to prevent sticking, producing a smooth, dense surface.
Water-Struck Brick
The process of forming brick and structural tile by extruding stiff but plastic clay having a moisture content of 12-15% through a die and cutting the extrusion to length with wires before firing.
Stiff-Mud Process
The process of forming brick by molding relatively dry clay having a moisture content 5-7% under high pressure, resulting in sharp-edged, smooth-surfaced bricks.
Dry-Press Process
A furnace or oven for burning, baking or drying something, esp. one for firing pottery, baking bricks, or drying timber.
Kiln
Firing brick units alternately with too much or too little air to vary their face color.
Flashing
A brick or timber rejected as being of inferior quality
Cull
A brick made of fire clay and used for lining furnaces and fireplaces.
Firebrick
A refractory clay used in the making of firebricks, crucibles and other objects exposed to high temperatures.
Fire clay
A material having the ability to retain its physical shape and chemical identity when subjected to high temperatures.
Refractory
A dense, hard-burned brick esp. for paving.
Clinker
A brick dimension larger than the actual dimension to account for the thickness of a mortar joint.
Nominal Dimension
Any of various oversized bricks having nominal dimensions established by the manufacturer.
Jumbo Brick
A brick or tile having normal face dimensions but a nominal thickness of 2 inches (51 mm).
Soap
A brick cut transversely so as to leave one end whole.
Bat
To chip or rub stones or bricks to a certain size or shape.
Gauge
A brick or other masonry unit laid horizontally in a wall with the longer edge exposed or parallel to the surface
Stretcher
A brick or other masonry unit laid horizontally in a wall with the shorter end exposed or parallel to the surface
Header
A brick horizontally on the longer edge with the shorter end exposed
Rowlock/Rollock
A brick laid vertically with the longer face edge exposed
Soldier
A brick laid vertically with the broad face exposed
Sailor
A brick laid horizontally on the longer edge with the broad face exposed
Shiner/Bull stretcher
A brick having nominal dimensions at
4 x 2 2/3 x 8 in. (102 x 68 x 203 mm)
Modular Brick
A brick having nominal dimensions at
6 x 2 2/3 x 12 in
SCR Brick
4 x 3 1/5 x 8 in. (102 x 81 x 203 mm)
Engineered Brick
4 x 3 1/5 x 12 in. (102 x 68 x 305 mm)
Norwegian Brick
4 x 2 x 12 in. (102 x 102 x 203 mm)
Roman Brick
4 x 4 x 8 in. (102 x 102 x 203 mm)
Economy Brick
Brick construction esp. the art of bonding bricks effectively
Brickwork
Any of various arrangements of masonry units having a regular, recognizable, usually overlapping pattern to increase the strength and enhance the appearance of the construction
Bond
A brickwork composed of headers between ever 5 or 6 courses of stretchers
Common Bond
A brickwork bond composed of overlapping stretchers. Aka stretcher bond
Running Bond
A masonry unit specially formed or cut to finish a course or complete the bond at the corner of a wall. Aka closure
Closer
A brickwork bond having alternate courses of headers and stretchers in which the headers are centered on stretchers and the joints between stretchers line up vertically in all courses
English Bond
A brick of half the normal widths, used for completing a course or for spacing regular bricks
Queen closer
A brickwork bond having alternating headers and stretchers in each course, each header being centered above and below a stretcher
Flemish Bond
A 3-quarter brick for finishing a course or for spacing regular bricks
King closer
A form of Flemish cross bond in which the courses are offset to form a diagonal pattern
Flemish diagonal bond
A brickwork bond for lightly loaded boundary walls, having a sequence of a header and 3 stretchers in each course, with each header being centered over a header in alternate courses
Garden-wall bond
A brick having a darker end exposed as a header in patterned brickwork
Flare header
A modified Flemish bond having courses of alternate headers and stretchers alternating with stretching courses
Flemish cross bond
A modified English bond in which the head joints in the stretching courses are offset by half the length of a stretcher. Aka Dutch bond
English cross bond
A brickwork op having successive courses of stretchers with all head joints aligned vertically
Stack bond
A continuous course of soldiers in brickwork
Soldier course
A continuous course of stretchers in brickwork
Stretching course
A continuous course of headers in brickwork
Heading course
A continuous course of headers or bond stones overlapping more than one wythe of masonry
Bond course
