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Visual Dictionary > Beam > Flashcards

Beam Flashcards

1
Q

A rigid structural member designed to carry and transfer transverse loads across space to supporting elements

A

Beam

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2
Q

The extent of space between two supports of a structure. Also, the structure so supported

A

Span

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3
Q

The distance between the inner faces of the supports of a span

A

Clear Span

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4
Q

The center-to-center distance between the supports of a span

A

Effective Span

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5
Q

An external moment tending to cause part of a structure to rotate or bend , equal to the algebraic sum of the moments about the neutral axis of the section under consideration

A

Bending Moment

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6
Q

An internal moment equal and opposite to a bending moment, generated by a force couple to maintain equilibrium of the section being considered

A

Resisting Moment

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7
Q

The perpendicular distance a spanning member deviates from a true course under transverse loading. Increasing with load and span, and decreasing with an increase in the moment of inertia of the section or the modulus of elasticity of the material.

A

Deflection

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8
Q

A slight convex curvature intentionally built into a beam, girder, or truss to compensate for an anticipated deflection

A

Camber

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9
Q

A shear force at a cross section of a beam or other members subject to bending, equal to the algebraic sum of transverse forces on one side of the section

A

Transverse Shear

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10
Q

An imaginary line passing through the centroid of the cross section of a beam or other member subject to bending along which no bending stresses occur

A

Neutral axis

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11
Q

A combustion of compressive and tension stresses developed at a cross section of a structural member to resist a transverse force, having a maximum value at the surface furthest from the neutral axis

A

Bending stress

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12
Q

The shearing stress developed along a cross section of a beam to resist transverse shear, having a maximum value at the neutral axis and decreasing nonlinearly toward the outer faces

A

Vertical shearing stress

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13
Q

The shearing stress developed to prevent slippage along longitudinal planes of a beam under transverse loading equal at any point to the vertical shearing stress at that point. Also called longitudinal shearing stress

A

Horizontal shearing stress

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14
Q

A formula defining the relationship between bending moment, bending stress and the cross-sectional properties of a beam. Bending stress is directly proportional to bending moment and inversely proportional to the moment of inertia of a beam section

A

Flexure formula

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15
Q

The sum of the products of each element of area and the square of its distance from a coplanar axis of rotation. Moment of Inertia is a geometric property that indicates how the cross-sectional area of a structural member is distributed and does not reflect the intrinsic physical properties of a material.

A

Moment of Inertia

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16
Q

A geometric property of a cross section defined as the moment of inertia of the section divided by the distance from the neutral axis to the most remote surface

A

Section modulus

17
Q

The buckling of a structural member induced by compressive stresses acting on a slender portion insufficiently rigid in the lateral direction

A

Lateral buckling

18
Q

The tensile and compressive stresses resulting from the interaction of bending and shear stresses at a cross section of a beam

A

Principal stresses

19
Q

Lines depicting the direction but not the magnitude of the principal stresses in a beam

A

Stress Trajectories

20
Q

The point in the cross-sectional plane of a structural member through which a transverse load must pass in order to prevent torsion or twisting of the member about a longitudinal axis

A

Shear center

21
Q

A graphic representation of the variation in magnitude of the external shears present in a structure for a given set of transverse loads and support conditions

A

Shear diagram

22
Q

A graphic representation of the variation in magnitude of the bending moments present in a structure for a given set of transverse loads and support conditions. The overall deflected shape of a structure subject to bending can often be inferred from the shape of its moment diagram

A

Moment diagram

23
Q

A beam resting on simple support at both ends, which are free to rotate and have no moment resistance. As with any statically determinate structure, the values of all reactions, shears, and moments for a simple beam are independent of its cross-sectional shape and material

A

Simple beam

24
Q

A projecting beam supported at only one fixed end

A

Cantilever Beam

25
Q

A beam or other rigid structural member extending beyond a fulcrum and supported by a balancing member or a downward force behind the fulcrum

A

Cantilever

26
Q

A simple beam extending beyond one its supports. The overhang reduces the positive moment at mid span whole developing a negative moment at the base of the cantilever over the support

A

Overhanging Beam

27
Q

A simple beam extending beyond both of its supports

A

Double Overhanging Beam

28
Q

A beam having both ends restrained against translation and rotation. The fixed ends transfer bending stresses, increase the rigidity of the beam, and reduce its maximum deflection

A

Fixed-End Beam

29
Q

A simple beam supported by the cantilevers of two adjoining spans with pinned construction joints at points of zero moment

A

Suspended-Span, Hung-Span

30
Q

A net resultant of shear forces that acts vertically upward on the left part of the structure being considered

A

Positive shear

31
Q

A net resultant of shear forces that acts vertically downward on the left part of the left part of the structure being considered

A

Negative shear

32
Q

A bending moment that produces a concave curvature at a section of a structure

A

Positive moment

33
Q

A bending moment that produces a convex curvature at a section of a structure

A

Negative moment

34
Q

A point at which a structure changes curvature from convex to concave or vice versa as it deflects under a transverse load theoretically an internal hinge and therefore a point of zero moment

A

Inflection point

35
Q

The part of a beam that is thickened or deepened to develop greater moment resistance. The efficiency of a beam can be increased by shaping its length in response to the moment and shear values which typically vary along its longitudinal axis

A

Haunch

36
Q

The distance between inflection points in the span of a fixed-end or continuous beam equivalent in nature to the actual length of a simply supported beam

A

Effective length

Visual Dictionary (69 decks)

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