Brescia's Belt Buckle Flashcards
What 3 structures make up the portal triad?
Common bile duct, portal vein, common hepatic artery
A portal vein is a vessel that carries blood ____
Between two capillary beds
A portal canal contains
Portal triad AND lymphatic vessels, nerves, & CT
Hepatic blood flow
[Portal V + Hepatic A] –> Sinusoids –> Central V –> Sublobular V –> Hepatic V (to IVC)
The classic lobule concept
Six-sided prism w/ a portal canal @ each corner
-Surrounds central vein
Hepatocytes are located in ___ of liver
Parenchyma
Hepatocyte Functions
Make proteins, involved in storage, metabolism, and waste removal
- Hepatocytes are binucleated
T/F: Hepatocytes are capable of regeneration
True
How are hepatocytes organized in the classic liver lobule?
Into plates of cells surrounded by sinusoids
What liver cells store vitamin A?
Ito (stellate) cells
Kupffer cell function?
Macrophages responsible for removing bacteria and damaged red blood cells from blood
Where are Kupffer cells located?
In the sinusoids
What are sinusoids lined with?
Thin fenestrated epithelium
Where is the space of Disse (perisinusoidal space)?
B/t hepatocytes and fenestrated endothelium of sinusoids
What is project in to the space of Disse?
Microvilli from basal surface of hepatocytes
What cells produce bile?
Hepatocytes
What is the biliary pathway?
Canaliculi –> Canal of Hering –> Interlobular bile ducts –> R/L Hepatic duct
Blood flow vs bile flow in liver
Blood coming in; Bile going out
Liver acinus model is based on
blood flow, metabolism, and pathology
-Based on zones
In acinus model, which zone receives best oxygenated blood? Least oxygenated?
Best: zone 1
Least: zone 3
Functions of gallbladder (3)
- Concentrates and stores bile
- Secretion stimulated by hormones from small intestine
- Discharge bile in cystic duct (eventually to duodenum)
Gallbladder epithelium
simple columnar
Special galbladder features**
**NO muscularis mucosae or submucosa
2 types of gallstones
Cholesterol and pigment stones
How does the gallbladder concentrate bile?
By removal of H2O
Exocrine function of pancreas
Secretes enzymes and bicarbonate into ducts
Endocrine function of pancreas
Secretion of hormones (insulin, glucagon) into the blood
Location of exocrine compartment?
Acinar pancreas
Location of endocrine compartment
Islets of Langerhans
What type of pancreatic cells contain zymogen granules?
Acini (serous) cells
What do zymogen granules contain?
Inactive digestive enzymes which are secreted and activated in the intestine
Exocrine duct hierarchy in pancreas
Intercalated –> interlobular –> interlobular –> main pancreatic duct
