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Breeds Flashcards

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1
Q

6 breeds that make up 3/4 of the sheep industry

A
  1. Delaine Merino
  2. Hampshire
  3. Rambouillet
  4. Romney
  5. Southdown
  6. Suffolk
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2
Q

What are the 7 ram breeds? Which are most popular?

A
  1. Hampshire
  2. Suffolk
  3. Shropshire
  4. Oxford
  5. Cheviot
  6. Montadale
  7. Southdown
  8. Hampshire
  9. Suffolk
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3
Q

What are the 5 dual-purpose breeds?

A
  1. Columbia
  2. Dorset
  3. Dorper
  4. Lincoln
  5. Romney
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4
Q

What are the 12 ewe breeds?

A
  1. Merino
  2. Rambouillet
  3. Tunis
  4. Debouillet
  5. Corriedale
  6. Targhee
  7. Finnsheep
  8. Border Leister
  9. Polypay
  10. Panama
  11. Katahdin
  12. Romanov
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5
Q

Characteristics of ewe breeds (7)

A
  • Prolificacy
  • Wool
  • Milking
  • Fertility
  • Adaptability
  • Medium size
  • Hardiness
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6
Q

A nonpurebred animal resembling and having the majority of its genetics from one breed

A

Grade

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7
Q

An animal sired by a male of one breed and out of a dam of another breed

A

Crossbred

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8
Q

An animal whose sire and dam are of the same breed and their ancestors were of the same breed also

A

Purebred

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9
Q

A group of animals of common origin that have certain distinguishing characteristics and are capable of transmitting these characteristics to their offspring in a uniform manner

A

Breed

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10
Q

An ideal or standard of perfection, including all the characteristics of an animal that makes it better suited for a specific purpose or use

A

Type

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11
Q

35-40% of U.S. sheep are

A

Fine wool breeds

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12
Q

Advantages of fine wool breeds (3)

A
  • Adaptable to hot/cold climates
  • Breed throughout the year
  • Great flocking instinct
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13
Q

Disadvantages of fine wool breeds (4)

A
  • Slow growth
  • Light muscling
  • Excessive hoof growth in wet areas
  • Fleece rot in wet areas
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14
Q

5 Hair Type breeds

A

Barbados Blackbelly

Dorper

White Dorper

Katahdin

St. Croix

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15
Q

9 Meat type breeds

A
  1. Hampshire
  2. Suffolk
  3. Southdown
  4. Shropshire
  5. Dorset
  6. Cheviot
  7. Montadale
  8. Oxford
  9. Texel
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16
Q

Long Wool Breeds (5)

A

Romney

Lincoln

Cotswold

Leicester

Finn

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17
Q

Advantages of long wool breeds (4)

A
  1. Large size (Lincoln - biggest; Romney - smallest)
  2. Fast growing lambs
  3. Milking ability
  4. Adapted to high rainfall
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18
Q

Disadvantages of Long wool breeds (2)

A
  1. NOT heat-tolerant
  2. Low quality wool
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19
Q

Medium Wool Breeds (8)

PPRTECCT

A
  1. Columbia
  2. Corriedale
  3. Targhee
  4. Panama
  5. Polypay
  6. Romanov
  7. Tunis
  8. East Friesian
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20
Q

Fine Wool Breeds (5)

A
  1. Rambouillet
  2. Merino
  3. Cormo
  4. Debouillet
  5. Booroola Merino
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21
Q

Merinos originated in _____.

A

Spain

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22
Q

Facts about Merino (4)

  1. Size
  2. Wool grade
  3. Shrinkage
  4. Prolificacy
A
  1. Fairly upstanding (but less than Rambouillet); Small frame size
  2. Fine wool grade
  3. 45-65% shrinkage
  4. Prolificacy: 115-120%
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23
Q

Disadvantages of Merinos (3)

A
  1. Slow growth
  2. Small
  3. Poor carcass traits
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24
Q
A

Merino

Wrinkles on chest

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25
Q

Rambouillet originated in _____

A

France

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26
Q

Facts about Rambouillet (5)

  1. Size
  2. Type
  3. Grade
  4. Prolificacy
  5. Shrinkage
A
  1. Heavy boned and Medium-sized
  2. Fair meat type
  3. Fine wool grade
  4. Prolificacy - 125%
  5. 55-60% shrinkage
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27
Q

Disadvantages of Rambouillet (3)

A
  1. Wrinkles cause shearing problems
  2. Poor milkage
  3. High % shrinkage
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28
Q
A

Rambouillet

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29
Q

This breed originated in Wyoming.

A

Columbia

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30
Q

This breed is Lincoln x Ramboillet

A

Columbia

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31
Q

Breeds used in development of Polypay

Origination of Polypay

A

1/4 Rambouillet

1/4 Dorset

1/4 Finn

1/4 Targhee

Dubois, Idaho

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32
Q

Known as a “breed for inter-mountain states”

A

Columbia

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33
Q

Facts about Columbia

  1. Shrinkage
  2. Blood grade
A
  1. 1/4 to 1/2 blood wool
  2. 45-55% shrinkage
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34
Q

The Columbia is selected for 3 reasons

A
  1. Size
  2. Prolificacy
  3. Wool weight
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35
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of Columbias?

A
  1. Seasonal breeders
  2. Lack fleece uniformity
  3. Adapted to wet conditions
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36
Q
A

Columbia

Long legs, large frame

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37
Q

This breed originated in New Zealand.
Lincoln x Merino

A

Corriedale

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38
Q

The Corriedale is a _____ sheep.

A

Dual-purpose

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39
Q

The strongest feature of the Corriedale is _____.

A

Wool

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40
Q

What is one disadvantage of the Corriedale?

A

Seasonal breeder

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41
Q

What is the prolificacy of the Corriedale?

A

125%

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42
Q
A

Corriedale

*Black nose and hooves*

Smaller ears

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43
Q

This breed originated in Dubois, Idaho

Corriedale x Columbia

A

Targhee

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44
Q

Describe wool of a Targhee

  1. Blood grade
  2. in/yr
  3. lb/yr
  4. Shrinkage
A

Fine to 1/2 blood

2 - 4 1/2 in/yr

9-14 lb/yr

45-50% shrinkage

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45
Q

Prolificacy of Targhees

A

150%

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46
Q

Disadvantage of the Targhee

A

Slow growth

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47
Q
A

Targhee

White face, small ears, angular, short legs, wool on face and legs, medium-sized

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48
Q

Describe wool of a Polypay

  1. Blood grade
  2. in/yr
  3. lb-yr
A

3/8 - 1/2 blood

3-5 in/yr

6-10 lb/yr

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49
Q

What’s the prolificacy rate of Polypays?

A

180-200%

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50
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of Polypays?

A

Slow growth and carcass quality

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51
Q

What are two advantages of Polypays?

A

Prolificacy and mothering ability

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52
Q

What are two advantages of the Columbia?

A

Gregarious and adapted to arid conditions

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53
Q
A

Polypay

Angular, small bones

White face, face free of wool, wool cap and wool on legs, erect ears

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54
Q

What are 5 advantages of the Targhee?

A
  1. Gregarious
  2. Out-of-season breeder
  3. Hardy
  4. High quality wool
  5. 150% prolificacy
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55
Q
A

Border Leicester

Roman nose, erect ears, both sexes polled, bold head

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56
Q
A

Cotswold

Polled, white to silvery grey

White face, lack of wool on forehead and face

Wool on legs

Dark pigmentation on skin of nose, inside ears and on hooves

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57
Q

This sheep originated in Finland and moved to the US in _____

A

1968

Finnsheep

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58
Q

This breed has slightly higher quality than other long wool breeds

A

Finnsheep

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59
Q

Describe the wool of Finnsheep

  1. Blood grade
  2. in/yr
  3. lb/yr
A

1/4 - 1/2 blood

2-6 in/yr

4-8 lb/yr

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60
Q

Prolificacy of Finnsheep

A

200-250%

61
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of Finnsheep?

A

Carcass quality, slow growth

Out-of-season breeding

Not heat resistant

62
Q

What is an advantage of the Finnsheep?

A

Prolificacy

63
Q
A

Finnsheep

Head has no wool and is long

Angular, small-bodied

White face

Face and legs free of wool

Small, semi-erect ears

64
Q

This breed originated in England

It’s the oldest meat type breed

A

Southdown

65
Q

Describe the wool of Southdowns

Blood grade

lb/yr

A

1/2 - 3/8 blood

*Finest of meat breeds*

5-7 lb/yr

66
Q

Prolificacy of Southdowns

A

115-125%

67
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of Southdowns?

A

Mothering ability and dystocia

Early maturing lambs

68
Q

What are 2 advantages of Southdowns?

A

Carcass quality

Longevity

69
Q
A

Southdown

Mousy gray to light brown face ears and legs

Short body and legs, small frame

Wool on legs, tufts of wool on ears, short faces

Both sexes polled

70
Q

This breed originated in Shropshire, England…..

A

Shropshire

71
Q

The Shropshire is a _____ breed

A

Dual-purpose

72
Q

Best shearers of meat type breeds

A

Shropshire

73
Q

Describe the wool of Shropshires

  1. lb/yr
  2. in/yr
  3. Blood grade
A

10-11 lb/yr

2 1/2 - 3 in/yr

1/2 - 3/8 blood

74
Q

Prolificacy of Shropshires

A

150-175%

75
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of Shropshires?

A

Early maturing and black fibers

76
Q
A

Shropshire

Thick-bodied, heavy-boned (Can produce good meat and wool by eating pasture)

Medium-sized

Polled, dark brown/black, wool on legs, knees and hocks

77
Q

This breed originated in Hampshire Co, England….

A

Hampshire

78
Q

Hampshires are known for _____

A

Rapid lamb growth

79
Q

Breeds used in development of Hampshire

A

Crossbred: Wilkshire x Beckshire x Knot x Southdown x Cotswold

80
Q

The Hampshire is the most ideal _____ breed

A

Meat-type

81
Q

The Hampshire is the most _____.

A

Heavily muscled

82
Q

Describe the wool of Hampshires

  1. lb/yr
  2. in/yr
  3. Blood grade
A

7-8 lb/yr

2 - 2 1/2 in/yr

3/8 to 1/4 blood

Black fibers

83
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of Hampshires?

A

Gregarious

Out-of-season breeder

Dystocia

84
Q

What are 2 advantages of Hampshires?

A

Growth and carcass quality

85
Q
A

Hampshire

Black face, legs and ears

Wool on legs to knees and hocks, wool cap, ears horizontal

Polled

86
Q
A

Horned Dorset (Polled)

Low set, low behind shoulder

Medium-sized

White faces, ears and legs

No wool on faces, ears or legs

Wool cap

87
Q

Describe the wool of Horned/Polled Dorsets

  1. lb/yr
  2. in/yr
  3. Blood grade
A

7-8 lb/yr

3-4 in/yr

3/8 to 1/4 blood

88
Q

Prolificacy of Horned/Polled Dorsets

A

150-175%

89
Q

Disadvantages of Horned/Polled Dorsets

A

Light fleece, poor rustlers

Earlier maturing than Hamp and Suffolk

90
Q

This breed originated in Dorset, England.

A

Horned Dorset

91
Q

The breed originated in NC State University in 1947

A

Polled Dorset

92
Q

This breed originated in Suffolk Co, England

A

Suffolk

93
Q

Describe the wool of Suffolks

  1. lb/yr
  2. in/yr
  3. Blood grade
A

6-7 lb/yr

2 - 2 1/2 in/yr

1/2 - 1/4 blood

Black fibers

94
Q

Advantages of Suffolk

A

Rapid lamb growth

Late maturing lambs

95
Q

Prolificacy of Suffolks

A

140-170%

96
Q

Disadvantages of Suffolks

A

Mothering ability

Gregarious

97
Q
A

Suffolk

No wool on legs, head, ears

Large ears

Black face, ears and legs

Polled

Long neck and face and muzzle

Large size

98
Q
A

Katahdin (long tail)

99
Q
A

Cheviot

100
Q
A

Romney

Long wool that grows over legs in full

101
Q
A

Oxford

Legs covered in white wool

102
Q
A

Finnish Landrace

103
Q
A

White Dorper

104
Q
A

Ryeland

Blocky and short

105
Q
A

Lincoln

Longest of long wool

Kind of twists at ends (like dreadlocks)

106
Q

The Lincoln is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Long wool

Dual

107
Q

The Suffolk is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Meat-type

Ram breed

108
Q

The Hampshire is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Meat-type

Ram breed

109
Q

The Columbia is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Medium wool

Dual purpose

110
Q

The Polypay is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Medium wool

Ewe breed

111
Q

The Ramboillet is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Fine wool

Ewe breed

112
Q

The White Dorper is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Hair breed

Meat-type

Dual purpose

113
Q

The Polled Dorset is what wool type and/or purpose?

A

Medium wool

Meat-type

Dual purpose

114
Q

What’s an advantage of the Romney?

A

Adapted to wet conditions

115
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of the Romney?

A

Carcass quality

Out-of-season breeding

116
Q

Which breed produces the highest grade of wool on a blood grade basis?

A

Southdown

117
Q

Which breed is the best shearer (quality and quantity) of the meat-type breeds?

A

Shropshire

118
Q

If your production objective is to produce 120-lb slaughter lambs at 3-5 mo of age, which RAM breed will you choose?

A

Hampshire

119
Q

If you want medium-sized (at maturity), white-faced crossbred replacement ewes born in Polypay ewes, which RAM should be used to sire these replacements?

A

Polled Dorset

120
Q

All the meat type breeds originated from the…

A

Southdown

121
Q

More sheep in the US carry this breeding than any other

A

Ramboillet

122
Q

Which breed was developed from a Lincoln ram and Merino ewe?

A

Corriedale

123
Q

Which breed is a 3/4 fine wool 1/4 long wool?

A

Targhee

124
Q

3 statements when describing long wool breeds

A

They have low prolificacy rates

Slow growth than meat type

More adapted to higher rainfall

125
Q

Which breed is the most prolific?

Polled Dorset

Shropshire

Suffolk

Polypay

A

Polypay

126
Q

Fewest lambing problems, from dystocia, are encountered in…

Shropshire

Suffolk

Hampshire

Polled Dorset

A

Shropshire

127
Q

Which breed is the most gregarious?

Targhee

Ramboillet

Merino

Polypay

A

Merino

128
Q
A

Romanov

129
Q
A

Tunis

130
Q
A

Montadale

Black nose with White hair

131
Q
A

Debouillet

132
Q

Which 5 breeds have the best Shrink rate?

A
  1. merino
  2. rambouillet
  3. debouillet
  4. corriedale
  5. targhee

*Notice the top 3 are fine wool breeds

133
Q

Which 3 breeds have the best growth rate?

A
  1. Suffolk
  2. Hampshire
  3. Columbia
134
Q

Which 3 breeds have the worst growth rate?

A
  1. Polypay
  2. Romney
  3. Lincoln
135
Q

Which 3 breeds have the best breed hardiness?

A
  1. Merino
  2. Rambouillet
  3. Debouillet

Fine wool breeds

136
Q

Which 3 breeds have the best fleece quaility?

A
  1. merino
  2. rambouillet
  3. debouillet

*Notice these are fine wool breeds

137
Q

Which 3 breeds have the most gregariousness?

A
  1. Merino
  2. Rambouillet
  3. Debouillet

Fine wool breeds

138
Q

Which 3 breeds have the best fleece rates?

A
  1. Lincoln
  2. Columbia
  3. Merino
139
Q

Which 3 breeds have the best prolificacy?

A
  1. Finnsheep
  2. Polypay
  3. Suffolk
140
Q

Which 3 breeds have the worst milking ability?

A
  1. Merino
  2. Rambouillet
  3. Debouillet

Fine wool breeds

141
Q

Which 4 breeds have the best milking ability?

A
  1. Finnsheep
  2. Dorset
  3. Suffolk
  4. Hampshire
142
Q

Which breed has contributed most to the world-wide sheep industry?

A

Merino

143
Q

What months are consider out of season?

A

January 15th - August 1st

144
Q
A

Texel

Black nose and hooves

Short faces

No wool on face or legs

145
Q
A

Barbados Blackbelly

146
Q
A

St. Croix

1 of 5 hair types

147
Q
A

Scottish Blackface

148
Q

Describe the wool quality of the Corriedale

  1. lb/yr
  2. Blood grade
  3. in/yr
  4. Shrinkage
A

10-17 lb/yr

1/4 - 1/2 blood

3 1/2 in/year

40-50% shrinkage

Sheep Science (13 decks)

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