Breastfeeding Flashcards
Physiology and pathophysiology of BF
Maintaining adequate milk supply depends on nutritive stimulation of the breast and removal of milk on a regular and frequent basis
Suck-swallow- breath
1 second: 1 second: 1 second
Newborn gut is ____
sterile
Gut becomes colonized with maternal bacteria through contact with breastfeeding
70% of infants developing immune system is found within the GI tract
colonizing the gut is essential to the development of the immune system
What is colostrum?
first milk present
high in protein
yellow - gold color
lasts up to 5 days
What is transitional milk?
higher in protein and carbs
bluish in color
lasts up to 2 weeks
What is mature milk?
2 weeks of life
has foremilk~rich in carbs
hindmilk~ rich in protein and fat
how often do newborns feed in the first few weeks of life?
every 1-3 hrs
contraindications to breastfeeding
maternal substance abuse cytotoxic and immunosuppressive drugs active TB HSV lesions on breast active varicella infection HIV infection neonatal galactosemia
common problems with breastfeeding
sore nipples flat inverted nipples engorgement insufficient milk supply candidiasis mastitis feeding refusal late preterm infant tongue tied palate abnormality hypoglycemia
Mixture for formula feeding
- 1 scoop for every 2 oz of water
- many choices of formula
Indication of a cows milk protein sensitivity?
blood in stool
What are feeding issues that are commonly seen in formula fed and breastfed infants?
- GERD~ usually starts at 3 weeks ~ keep upright after feeding, mom diet changes, medication
- constipation
- diarrhea
- colic~ 3 hrs of crying, more than 3 days a week for more than 3 weeks in a row ~ usually starts at 3 weeks and ends at 3 months
*infrequent stools can be common = consistency of stool is more important
