breast / testes

Question 1

lymphadenopathy

Answer 1

enlarged lymph nodes (breast)

-may be seen with cancer

Question 2

gynecomastia

Answer 2

• enlargement of male breasts d/t
• hormone in puberty
• testosterone deficiency
• certain meds

Question 3

site of most breast tumors

Answer 3

upper outer quadrant

Question 4

___ is the most common site for cancer in both black & white women

Answer 4

breasts

Question 5

Phys. Exam: Breats

• inspection
• inspect for

Answer 5

size, shape & symmetry

• color & texture
• edema, rashes, ulcerations, & dimpling
• nipples & areola

Question 6

alterations in breasts (4)

Answer 6

1) edema
2) peau d’ orange
3) areolas
4) nipples

Question 7

edema in boobs

Answer 7

lymph channels blocked by CA

Question 8

peau d’ orange

Answer 8

orange peel appearance caused by metastatic disease blocking lymph nodes

Question 9

areolas

Answer 9

red & crusty -> indicative of Pagets disease

Question 10

nipples

Answer 10

drainage may indicate CA

• • inversion- may be normal
• retraction- recent change may be CA

Question 11

palpation

Answer 11

• palpate axillary & clavicular nodes
• stand in front of client to palp.
• arm of breast palp. over head w/ small pillow under boob
  purpose: to flatten breast tissue & facilitate ability to feel masses

Question 12

self-breast exam why

Answer 12

• most breast CA discovered by women themselves
• most lumps benign
• 1 out of 8-9 woman get breast cancer

Question 13

self-breast exam when

Answer 13

• same time every month
• 1 week after period when breasts not tender or swollen
• after menopause, check first day of every month
• begin at 14-15

Question 14

Pap test

• does what
• when to start
• how often should you have one

Answer 14

-screens for cervical cancer
- start at 21
-depends on age & health history
on birth control: every year
30 or younger: every 2
30 and older: 2 years

Question 15

malignant (tumor) lumps are usually (4)

Answer 15

-hard, fixed, irregular, & non-tender

Question 16

testes do what

Answer 16

• produce sperm

- left hangs lower than right

Question 17

epididymis does what

Answer 17

• sperm mature in these coils

- continuous w/ vas deferens

Question 18

vas deferens does what

Answer 18

approximates w/ blood vessels to form spermatic cord

Question 19

nursing history

Answer 19

• increase urination
• nocturia
• pain or burning w/ pee
• trouble starting or maintaining urine
• color change
• past med history
• present sexual relationship
• STD contact

Question 20

phimosis

Answer 20

tight foreskin that cannot be retracted

Question 21

smegna

Answer 21

whitish material under foreskin

Question 22

inspect testes for inguinal hernias

Answer 22

• bulges

- ask client to bear down

Question 23

palpate scrotum & testicles

Answer 23

• between 1st and 2nd fingers

- palpate for masses, swelling, or tenderness

Question 24

TSE; Testicular Self Exam

• why
• if discovered early
• treatment

Answer 24

why: testicular cancer is most common cause of cancer in men 15-35
- if early, can be treated promptly and effectively
- surgery is preferred treatment, may be used with chemotherapy & radiation

Question 25

signs & symptoms of testicular cancer

Answer 25

• lump or enlargement in either testicle
• feeling of heaviness in scrotum
• dull ache in abdomen or groin
• sudden collection of fluid in scrotum
• pain or discomfort in a testicle / scrotum

Question 26

when do TSE

Answer 26

• begin w/ boys age 14-15
• monthly
• after a warm bath or shower / when skin most relaxed
• roll each testicle gently between the thumb & fingers of both hands