Breast medicine Flashcards
FIBROADENOMA
What is a fibroadenoma and describe it’s epidemiology
benign tumour of epithelial breast lobule tissue
Common in younger women (20-40)
Respond to oestrogen and progesterone
FIBROADENOMA
Describe fibroadenomas on examianiton
Unilateral
Painless
Smooth
Round
Well circumcised
Firm
Mobile
<5cm diameter
FIBROCYSTIC BREAST
Describe fibrocystic breast changes
Bilateral diffuse lumpiness of breasts - connective tissue, ducts and lobules of breasts respond to oestrogne and progesterone becoming fibrous (irregular and hard) and cystic
Changes fluctuate with menstrual cycle
FIBROCYSTIC BREAST
Describe the pattern of symtpoms
Occur prior to menstruation - within 10 days
resolve once menstruation begins
resolve after menopause
FIBROCYSTIC BREAST
How does fibrocystic breast changes present
lumpiness - upper outer quadrant
breast pain and tenderness
fluctuation of breast size
FIBROCYSTIC BREAST
What is the management
triple assessment - exclude cancer
manage cyclical breast pain:
wear a supportive bra
NSAIDs
Apply heat to the area
BREAST CYST
Describe a breast cyst
Benign unilateral fluid-filled lumps
Painful
Flucuate in size
BREAST CYST
Describe a breast cyst on examination
Smooth
well circumcised
mobile
fluctuant
BREAST CYST
What is the management of a breast cyst
Triple assessment to exclude cancer
aspiration or excision
BREAST CYST
Does having a breast cyst increase cancer risk
Yes - slightly
FAT NECROSIS
What is fat necrosis of the breast
Benign lump caused by localised degeneration and scarring of fat tissue in breast - triggered by localised trauma / radiotherapy / surgery
Inflammatory reaction in fibrosis and necrosis of fat tissue
FAT NECROSIS
Describe the presentation of fat necrosis
Painless
Firm
Irregular
Fixed to local structures
Skin dimpling or nipple inversion
FAT NECROSIS
What investigations are required in fat necrosis
Triple assesment
- USS shows similar appreance to cancer
- Histology required
FAT NECROSIS
What is the manageemnt
Conservative
LIPOMA
What is a lipoma
Benging tumour of adipose tissue