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Surgery > Breast > Flashcards

Breast Flashcards

1
Q

What motor nerve supplies the latissimus dorsi mm?

A

thoracodorsal n.

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2
Q

What nerve supplies the serratus ant. mm?

A

long thoracic n.

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3
Q

What are the 2 most common types of malignant breast disease? Which is most common?

A

ductal and lobular carcinoma; ductal

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4
Q

Dysfunction of which muscle causes difficulty in shoulder abduction?

A

lats

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5
Q

Paralysis of which muscle causes winged scapula?

A

serratus ant.

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6
Q

What is the most common breast tumor in young women?

A

fibroadenoma

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of bloody nipple discharge?

A

intraductal papilloma

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8
Q

Lymph nodes of the breast are divided into level I, II, and III. Where are level I nodes?

A

lateral to pectoralis minor

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9
Q

Where are level II nodes?

A

deep to pectoralis minor

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10
Q

Where are level III nodes?

A

medial to pectoralis minor

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11
Q

What lyph nodes are removed in axillary node dissection?

A

all level 1 and 2 nodes

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12
Q

What are the 2 therapeutic options for DCIS?

A

(1) lumpectomy + radiation, or (2) total mastectomy (no rad)

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13
Q

DCIS is considered a _______ lesion, and therefore must be excised.

A

premalignant

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14
Q

What can be said about the risk of breast cancer in women with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)?

A

increased, but may occur at any site in either breast

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15
Q

What are the 2 Tx options for LCIS?

A

(1) careful follow-up w/ mammograms and PEs, or (2) prophylactic mastectomy

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16
Q

What are the 2 tx options for stage I or II breast cancer?

A

lumpectomy or mastectomy

17
Q

What should accompany mastectomy for stage i or II BC?

A

regional node dissection and radiation

18
Q

What is the tx for stage III or IV BC?

A

surgical resection + radiation or chemo

19
Q

What is the newer type of endocrine therapy for BC that is generally superior to tamoxifen? What is the mechanism?

A

aromatase inhibitors; prevent productio of estrogens

20
Q

What is the tx for a Phyllodes tumor?

A

excision w/ 1 cm margins

21
Q

How do you assess the malignant potential of a Phyllodes tumor on histology?

A

stromal overgrowth and number of mitoses

22
Q

What is Paget’s disease of the breast, really?

A

DCIS that has migrated up the duct to the nipple epithelium

23
Q

What is the typical finding in paget’s disease of the breast?

A

scaling of nipple

24
Q

What should you do first if you see scaling of the nipple?

A

mammogram

25
Q

What if a pt has scaling of the nipple and mammogram is negative for microcalcifications?

A

biopsy nipple epithelium

Surgery (20 decks)

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