Breast Flashcards
What motor nerve supplies the latissimus dorsi mm?
thoracodorsal n.
What nerve supplies the serratus ant. mm?
long thoracic n.
What are the 2 most common types of malignant breast disease? Which is most common?
ductal and lobular carcinoma; ductal
Dysfunction of which muscle causes difficulty in shoulder abduction?
lats
Paralysis of which muscle causes winged scapula?
serratus ant.
What is the most common breast tumor in young women?
fibroadenoma
What is the most common cause of bloody nipple discharge?
intraductal papilloma
Lymph nodes of the breast are divided into level I, II, and III. Where are level I nodes?
lateral to pectoralis minor
Where are level II nodes?
deep to pectoralis minor
Where are level III nodes?
medial to pectoralis minor
What lyph nodes are removed in axillary node dissection?
all level 1 and 2 nodes
What are the 2 therapeutic options for DCIS?
(1) lumpectomy + radiation, or (2) total mastectomy (no rad)
DCIS is considered a _______ lesion, and therefore must be excised.
premalignant
What can be said about the risk of breast cancer in women with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)?
increased, but may occur at any site in either breast
What are the 2 Tx options for LCIS?
(1) careful follow-up w/ mammograms and PEs, or (2) prophylactic mastectomy
What are the 2 tx options for stage I or II breast cancer?
lumpectomy or mastectomy
What should accompany mastectomy for stage i or II BC?
regional node dissection and radiation
What is the tx for stage III or IV BC?
surgical resection + radiation or chemo
What is the newer type of endocrine therapy for BC that is generally superior to tamoxifen? What is the mechanism?
aromatase inhibitors; prevent productio of estrogens
What is the tx for a Phyllodes tumor?
excision w/ 1 cm margins
How do you assess the malignant potential of a Phyllodes tumor on histology?
stromal overgrowth and number of mitoses
What is Paget’s disease of the breast, really?
DCIS that has migrated up the duct to the nipple epithelium
What is the typical finding in paget’s disease of the breast?
scaling of nipple
What should you do first if you see scaling of the nipple?
mammogram
