Breadth - Construction

Question 1

what does in-situ condition mean?

Answer 1

in-situ means a natural condition aka the bank condition

Question 2

what happens with air during the loose condition?

Answer 2

because the soil has become undisturbed it

Question 3

what is bank cubic yard?

Answer 3

BCY is the volume of the weight of soil that is undisturbed

Question 4

what is compacted CY?

Answer 4

compacted CY is the volume of the loose soil that will be compacted at the construction site

Question 5

what is loose CY?

Answer 5

loose CY is the volume of the soil that has been dug up from the earth and is being transported from its excavated site

Question 6

what is a mass diagram?

Answer 6

a mass diagram is a graph that records the cumulative earthwork volume moved along an alignment

Question 7

what does a mass diagram tell us?

Answer 7

it tells us how to determine the average haul, free haul, and overhaul on a given segment

tells contractors and inspectors the quantity of material moved and how far it can be economically moved

Question 8

what does a positive grade on a mass diagram tell us?

Answer 8

that is an indication that cuts will be needed

Question 9

what does a negative grade on a mass diagram tell us?

Answer 9

that is an indication that fills will be needed

Question 10

what is a turning point on a mass diagram?

Answer 10

a turning point is the lowest or highest point along the curve which indicates when the curve will go from a cut to fill and vice versa

Question 11

what is free haul distance?

Answer 11

free haul distance is the number of stations that soil can be hauled to without charging them

Question 12

what is overhaul?

Answer 12

overhaul is the distance in which it will cost extra to move soil around.

Question 13

what is the formula for overhaul?

Answer 13

volume x distance = CY sta

Question 14

how can you tell when a project is balanced?

Answer 14

the point starts and ends at 0

Question 15

what is overhaul distance as a formula?

Answer 15

total haul - free haul distance

Question 16

what is the second method discussed in the video to determine overhaul?

Answer 16

first you find the center distance between the 2 overhaul areas and then subtract it by the free haul distance

Question 17

how do you find the area of the overhaul?

Answer 17

just use the formula for area of a triangle and add both ends of the overhaul distance

Question 18

what is the limit of economic haul distance?

Answer 18

it is the maximum overhaul distance plus freehaul distance beyond which it is more economical to waste and borrow than to pay for hauling

Question 19

what is offset staking?

Answer 19

offset staking is when you place a wooden rod into the ground and on the stake there is information on it

Question 20

what does RPSS mean on stakes?

Answer 20

reference point of slope staking

Question 21

how do you convert BCY to LCY?

Answer 21

loose volume * (1+Swell factor)

Question 22

what is erosion?

Answer 22

the process in which land surfaces is work away by water, air, and wind

Question 23

what is sedimentation?

Answer 23

process by which the eroded material is transported and deposited by water, wind, ice, and gravity

Question 24

what are the impacts of contruction activities?

Answer 24

removal of organic soil matter, removal of vegetation, reshaping ground surface contours

Question 25

how does vegetation affect construction/soil?

Answer 25

absorbs raindrop impact, reduces detachment, roots hold soil in place, slows water flow, adds organic material to the soil, reduces runoff, and increases infiltration

Question 26

what are some methods of dust control?

Answer 26

mulches, existing trees/shrubs, spray on binding agents, irrigation and water spraying, and barriers such as walls and sound walls

Question 27

what are the best methods of erosion control?

Answer 27

usually some vegetation or grass channels. non natural practices are geotextiles and chemical stabilization

Question 28

what are wattles?

Answer 28

sediment velocity control device that is made of straw or husk encased in a degradable netting

Question 29

where are wattles typically placed?

Answer 29

along slopes

Question 30

how often should ladders be provided in excavated areas

Answer 30

every 25’

Question 31

what must happen to employees that are suspended or working in the air?

Answer 31

a life harness must be provided which can withstand 200 lb

Question 32

what is in the roadside safety manual?

Answer 32

its a book that addresses the area outside of the roadway

Question 33

what is the clear zone?

Answer 33

it is the roadside border area including edge of traveled way, shoulder, and slopes

Question 34

what tables can be found in the roadside design guide?

Answer 34

you can find the clear zone distances which contain foreslopes and backslopes

Question 35

what is the formula for the area of the formwork?

Answer 35

(B+L)*D