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geog - migration > brazil > Flashcards

brazil Flashcards

1
Q

what is brazil

A

EDC (emerging and developing country) brazil is the 7th largest economy in the world and the leading economic power in Latin america,

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2
Q

brazils GDP per capita 2007

A

$4874

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3
Q

brazils GDP per capita 2014

A

$5823

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4
Q

composture of industry

A

service - 69%
industry - 25%
agricultural - 6%

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5
Q

demographics

A

declining birth rates and ageing population
migration has contributed to the economic growth and development of brazil over a long period of time

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6
Q

current patterns

A

-net migration loss of 1/2 million between 2000-2004 and then again 2005-09 but this has slowed between 2010 and 14

increased migration between brazil and its neighbrouing countries e.g chilli and andean states

  • a slowing down of emigration of lower skilled economic migrants to the USA
  • Increase in migrant from Haiti and african countries such as ecudar and chillie as transit countries

-rise in the number of international labour migrants attracted by the constuction industry that developed in the 2014 world cup and the 2016 olympics

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7
Q

changes over time

A

late 19th+20th centry brazil was a net recipient for migrants europenes were attarcted to work in the agricultural sector e.g coffee cultivation

immigration into brail has slowed in the last 15 years

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8
Q

how many fewer immigrants living in brazil then compared to the start of the centry

A

80,000

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9
Q

how many brazillians lived abroud in 2013

A

1.77 million

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10
Q

why do many Brazilians live in japan

A

many have strong cultural links to Japanese heritage and move theere as they are encourage by employment opportunities

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11
Q

most popular migration countries -

A

-USA
-JAPAN
-PORTUGAL
-SPAIN
-CHINA

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12
Q

Most popular immigration countries

A

-PORTUGAL
-JAPAN
PARAGUAY
-BOLIVIA
-ITALY

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13
Q

CONNECTIONS WITH PORTUGAL

A

-long standing bilateral relationship
-brazil was a former colony with Portugal and they Portuguese gov still give special consideration to the brazilian migrants
-Portugal has become a gateway to entry into the EU
- language, ansestory and the family ties contribute to the ease in which migrants in both countries can be integrated meanwhile migrant remittances are an important factor for many families

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14
Q

CONNECTIONS WITH USA

A

many thousand low skilled economic migrants working in the US are able to send back significant money, while returning migrants have aquired skills and knowledge to be able to contribute to brazils development

-highly skilled Brazilians are increaslying finding opportunties to work in the USA especially in the service sector.

USA have negociated agreemnets with brazil regarding trade , finance education, agriculture
USAID gives support to brazil in the form of many environmental projects

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15
Q

CONNECTIONS WITH HAITI

A

the national immigration council for brazil allows Haitian immigrants to obtain visas easily in haiti there-four reducing their venerability to trafficking networks.

earthquake - displaces 1.5 million

many attend to join friends and relatives in the southeast of brazil where low skilled jobs are available in agriculture and the low skilled jobs and the factories of rio grande do sul.

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16
Q

impact of migration on economic development

A

recent arrivals of high skilled workers with employment contracts have contributed to enterpreneship, innovation and reducing gaps in the labour market.

emigration into USA, Japan and Portugal have resulted in migrant remittances in brazil, used by families in housing improvement, education and general consumption has increased on all scales boosting the GDP.

17
Q

impacts of migration on political stability

A

brazil has a stable demographic political system, leading member of mercosur and is one of the so called members of BRICS group of emerging economies

-mercosur, primarly a trading bloc which there is free flow of trade, capital and labour migration

-strong relationship with the countries that it has significant bilateral migrant flows with

-brazil is an important receiver of environmental and political refugees as the stable government accepts responsibility for their welfare and employment prospects by providing VISA’S and work permits

18
Q

impacts of migration on social equality

A

there is inequality in brazil between diffrent ethnic groupes, inequalities exist in housing provisions, access to services, educational attainment and income, Brazilians of african decent are most effected.

-inequalities have a spatical perspective with poverty, concentrated in rural areas or the favelas in which the poor migrate

-there is prejudice and discrimnation in the labour market especially against black and indigenous people, this empedes their full economic, social and political development.

geog - migration (6 decks)

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