brainscape_flashcards_final_80
Question/Term
Answer/Definition
What is the Triune Brain Model?
It divides the brain into three parts: the reptilian brain (survival functions), the limbic brain (emotions), and the neocortex (abstract thought).
What is Oxytocin’s role in bonding?
Oxytocin facilitates bonding, especially in mother-infant relationships, and reduces stress.
Who developed Attachment Theory?
John Bowlby proposed Attachment Theory, suggesting that early attachment behaviors are evolutionary survival strategies.
What is Dopamine’s function in the brain?
Dopamine is involved in reward circuitry and reinforces behaviors; it’s often elevated during romantic attraction.
What are key types of love in ancient Greece?
Eros (sexual passion), Philia (deep friendship), Storge (familial love), Ludos (playful love), Agape (universal love).
What is Bowlby’s impact on institutional care?
His work led to changes in institutional care practices, advocating for continuous mother-child relationships for mental health.
How did Harry Harlow study maternal attachment?
Harlow used rhesus monkeys to demonstrate that social isolation results in psychological distress.
What are SSRIs and how do they work?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase serotonin in the synapse, improving mood and emotional stability.
What is the ‘Science of Neglect’?
Experiments by Rene Spitz and others showed that emotional deprivation in children leads to developmental issues.
What is Fromm’s concept of mature love?
Mature love is defined by giving rather than receiving, and it requires discipline, concentration, and patience.
What are neurotransmitters involved in love?
Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, oxytocin, vasopressin.
What happens when dopamine is elevated in the nucleus accumbens?
It increases preference for partners, reinforcing romantic bonding.
What are the three systems related to love?
Sex drive, attraction, and attachment.
What is the role of serotonin in love?
Serotonin levels may decrease during romantic attraction, linking love to obsessive thoughts.
What did Mary Ainsworth discover?
She developed the Strange Situation procedure and identified secure and insecure attachment styles.
What is the impact of oxytocin on relationships?
High oxytocin levels correlate with stronger relationships and increased social bonding.
What are the characteristics of secure attachment?
Trust, mutual support, and the use of the caregiver as a safe base for exploration.
How does norepinephrine affect attraction?
It heightens arousal and alertness, playing a role in attraction.
What is the significance of mirror neurons?
They allow individuals to empathize and understand others’ emotions by mirroring their actions.
What is Bowlby’s attachment theory?
Attachment behaviors evolved as survival strategies to keep infants close to caregivers.
What was the result of Spitz’s study on ‘hospitalism’?
Children deprived of caregiving beyond 5 months showed severe mental deterioration.
What did Harry Harlow’s experiments reveal?
Monkeys deprived of maternal contact displayed severe emotional issues.
What is the importance of dopamine in addiction and love?
Dopamine reinforces behaviors, making love and addictive substances similarly compelling.
What are the stages of childhood friendships?
Friendships evolve from companionship (ages 4-7) to mutual trust (ages 8-10) and loyalty (ages 11-15).
What is the Red Queen Hypothesis?
It posits that species must evolve continuously to survive against ever-changing threats.
What are the traits of popular children?
They are sociable, cooperative, emotionally aware, and adaptable.
How do SSRIs affect emotions?
SSRIs increase serotonin levels, improving mood but may reduce the intensity of romantic attraction.
What is Fromm’s view on love?
Love is an art requiring discipline, concentration, and the ability to overcome narcissism.
What is ‘primary narcissism’ according to Freud?
It describes a newborn’s focus on self, which later shifts outward as they depend on others.
What is the function of the mammalian brain?
The limbic system governs emotions, memory, and habits.
What is the role of the neocortex in the brain?
It manages abstract thought, planning, language, and conscious motor control.