Brain Tumors (Exam #3) Flashcards
What population are primary brain neoplasms more common in?
Adolescents/young adults
What population are secondary brain neoplasms more common in?
Adults 30+ years
What is the most common BENIGN primary neoplasm?
Meningioma
What is the most common MALIGNANT primary neoplasm?
Glioma
What are the three most common sites from which a secondary brain neoplasm metastasizes from?
- Breast
- Lung
- Melanoma
What two sxs are most often seen with brain tumors? What signs are often seen too?
- HA
- Seizures
Also, focal neuro deficits (weakness, paresthesias, speech, vision)
If there is increased ICP with a brain tumor, what additional characteristics are seen with the HA (3)?
- Nocturnal
- Worse in AM
- Worse with cough/sneeze/Valsalva
What is the dx test of choice for brain tumors?
MRI with contrast of Brain
What two components must be done to classify brain tumors?
- Histology
- Molecular testing
With molecular testing of brain tumors, what two things are evaluated for?
- IDH mutations
- 1p/19q codeletion
What three non-pharm tx are often performed for brain tumors?
- Surgery (awake craniotomy)
- Radiation
- Chemo
What two meds are often considered for tx of brain tumors (think general)?
- Steroids to reduce edema/mass effect
- Meds to prevent seizures
Primary brain neoplasm are often asxs, but if sxs are present, what two are most commonly seen?
- Anosmia
- Visual defects
What is the most common Glioma in adults?
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)
What are the three types of Glioma?
- Astrocytoma
- Oligodendroglioma
- Ependymoma
What type of primary brain neoplasm is a rare form of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
What population is at increased risk?
Primary CNS Lymphoma
- Increased risk if IC
What is an important factor in the dx/tx of Primary CNS Lymphoma?
HOLD steroids prior to biopsy
With which primary brain neoplasm must you HOLD steroids prior to biopsy?
Primary CNS Lymphoma
What is the recommended tx for Primary CNS Lymphoma?
MTX
What is the most common brain neoplasm overall in adults 30+ years?
Secondary brain neoplasm
What is the recommended tx for ALL secondary brain neoplasm? When might OP vs. emergent referral be considered (2)?
Refer to neurosurgery
- OP if small or asxs
- Emergent referral if large or sxs
