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Neuro PT Lec Finals > Brain Tumors > Flashcards

Brain Tumors Flashcards

1
Q
  1. New growth of cells
  2. Dysplasia of neurons or glial cells
  3. Dysplasia of meningeal cells
A

Neoplasm

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2
Q
  1. Cell growth takes an abnormal mutation
  2. Can occur early or late in the course of cell development
A

Dysplasia

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3
Q

Meninges: Cells Involved

A

Meningioma

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4
Q

Neurons: : Cells Involved

A

Neurinonma

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5
Q

Astrocytes: : Cells Involved

A

Astrocytoma

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6
Q

Oligodendrocytes: : Cells Involved

A

Oligodendroglioma

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7
Q

Ependyma: : Cells Involved

A

Ependymoma

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8
Q

Glial Cells: Cells Involved

A

Glioma

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9
Q

Pineal Cells: Cells Involved

A

Pineocytoma

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10
Q

Stem Cell: Cells Involved

A

Blastoma

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11
Q

From outside: : Cells Involved

A

Metastasis

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12
Q

Blood vessels: Cells Involved

A

Hemangioblastoma

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13
Q

Nerve Sheath: Cells Involved

A

Schwannoma, Neurofibroma, Neurilemmoma

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14
Q

Embryonic: Cells Involved

A

Medulloblastoma

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15
Q

Malignant Characteristics

A

Blastoma
Poorly differentiated
Fast growing
Metastasis
High grade
Invasive

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16
Q

Benign Characteristics

A

Late dysplasia
Well-differentiated
Slow growing
Focal
Lowgrade
Encapsulated

17
Q

Either in the cerebral hemispheres or midline tumors

A

Supratentorial Tumors

18
Q

Most common tumor found only in the brain

A

gliomas

19
Q

fastest growing and most malignant tumor

A

glioblastoma multiforme

20
Q

Cerebral hemisphere tumors

A
  1. Gliomas
  2. Meningioma
    3, Metastatic
21
Q

most common tumor intracranial

A

metastatic

22
Q

Midline Supratentorial Tumors

A
  1. Pituitary Adenoma (Bitemporal Hemianopsia)
  2. Pineal Tumors
  3. Cranio-Pharyngiomas
23
Q

Adult Infratentorial Tumors

A
  1. Acoustic Schwannomas
  2. Mestasis
  3. Meningiomas
  4. Hemangioblastomas
  5. Only 1/3 of adult tumors are infratentorial, most are supratentorial
24
Q

Infratentorial Tumors in Children

A

1, Cerebellar Astrocytomas
2. Medulloblastomas
3. Ependymomas
4. Brainstem Gliomas
5. 60% or about 2/3 of all childhood tumors

25
Q

Presentation of Tumors

A
  1. Depends onareainvolved
  2. Has signs of increasing ICP
  3. Rate of increased ICP depends on growth of tumor
  4. Seizures are common
26
Q

Most common primary
tumor in adults

A

Glioma

27
Q

⅔ofall adult tumors are

A

supratentorial

28
Q

⅔ofall childhood tumors are

A

infratentorial

29
Q

Primary Sources of Metastasis

A
  1. Lung cancer
  2. GIT (Colon CA)
  3. Renal
  4. Skin (Melanoma)
  5. Uterus (Chorio-Carcinoma)
30
Q
  • Most malignant
  • Seen 40y/o and above
  • Also known as malignant astrocytoma
  • Grows in 2-3 weeks
A

Glioblastoma Multiforme

31
Q
  • Seen in younger adults
  • Maybe high grade(malignant) or low grade (benign) can be located
    anywhere in the CNS
A

Astrocytoma

32
Q
  • Relatively benign
  • Tumor may bleed
  • Occurs in the cerebral hemispheres
A

Oligodendroglioma

33
Q
  • Frommeningeal cells
  • Usually benign
  • Well encapsulated
  • Surgery has good results
A

Meningioma

34
Q
  • Seen in children
  • Unresectable
  • Radiation & Chemotherapy
  • Presents with diplopia and brainstem signs
A

Pontine Glioma

35
Q
  • Most malignant tumor in children ( < 6 y/o)
  • Presents as headache & ataxia
  • Cerebellar vermis (roof of 4th ventricle)
  • Causes hydrocephalus
  • Total surgical excision possible
A

Medulloblastoma

36
Q
  • Floor of 4th ventricle
    -Occur in later childhood
  • Signs of increased ICP and Ataxia
  • Hydrocephalus
A

Ependymoma

37
Q
  • Located in the space between cerebellum & pons
  • Affects cranial nerves VII & VIII, Cerebellum
  • Acoustic Schwannoma & Meningioma
  • Deafness, Cerebellar Signs, Hyperreflexia
A

Cerebello-Pontine Angle Tumors

38
Q
  • Part of Von Recklinghausen disease (Neurofibromatosis)
  • May be bilateral
  • Starts as deafness, then ataxia & incoordination
  • Surgically excised
A

Acoustic Neuroma (aka Acoustic Schwannoma)

39
Q

Treatment for Tumors

A
  • Biopsy (tissue diagnosis) & surgical debulking if feasible
  • Radiotherapy (if sensitive)
  • Chemotherapy
  • Steroids to reduce edema

Neuro PT Lec Finals (5 decks)

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