Brain & Spine Imaging Flashcards
Differentials for confluent white matter lesions in a child
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM, follows viral infection or vaccination)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Dysmyelinating disease
Additional:
Treatment-related leukoencephalopathy
Differential for ring enhancing lesion
Neoplasm (GBM, lymphoma, mets)
Abscess (T2 hypointense capsule, smooth enhancement restricted diffusion)
Subacute infarct (starts at 2 days, peaks at 2 weeks0
Additional:
Demyelinating disease (open ring enhancement)
Resolving contusion
Differential for pineal region mass
Pineal cyst
Germ cell tumour
Pineal cell tumour
Additional:
Tectal plate glioma
Meningioma
Differential for sellar/suprasellar mass in a child
Craniopharygioma (in children, multilobulated multicystic mass with calc)
Germ cell tumour (midline, can seed CSF commonly germinoma)
Rathke cleft cyst
Additional:
Optic nerve/hypothalamic glioma (can be associated with NF-1)
Hypothalamic hamartoma (presents with precocious puberty/gelastic seizures)