Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain bee national > Brain Parts And Their Functions > Flashcards

Brain Parts And Their Functions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
0
Q

Sensory trigeminal

A

Function: receives touch, pain and temperature sensations from the face
Lesion:loss of the above sensations from the face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Pyramidal decussation

A

Function: crossing of the corticospinal tract
Lesion: weakness or paralysis of all voluntary muscles below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Reticular nuclei

A

Function: consciousness and many other functions
Lesion: If shaken up, it causes loss of consciousness for a brief time. However, damage can result in death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cerebellum

A

Function: it is responsible for the coordination of complex movements
Lesion: loss of hand, eye and other voluntary muscle coordination on the same side of the lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Solitary nucleus

A

Function: receives visceral sensations that includes taste.
Lesion: damage causes loss of taste and visceral sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hypoglossal nuclei

A

Function: controls the muscles of the tongue
Lesion: causes the opposite side of the tongue to be paralysed. The tongue will deviate towards the paralysed side when protruded. Difficulty speaking and swallowing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Inferior olive

A

Function: fires 10 action potentials per second for the cerebellum to plan movement with precise timing.
Lesion: loss of coordination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Deep cerebellar nuclei

A

Function: It is the output centre for the cerebellum
Lesion: loss of coordination or aspects of coordination lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

Function: carries the olive cerebellar tract
Lesion: loss of coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cochlear nuclei

A

Function: receives auditory information from the ears
Lesion: inability to detect the direction of the sound. Hearing is less impaired as auditory information crosses over to both sides of the brain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vestibular nuclei

A

Function: receives information about head position from the vestibular system
Lesion: vertigo which might be accompanied by nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Facial nucleus

A

Function: controls the muscles of facial expression and glands-submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal
Lesion:drooling and paralysis of opposite side of the face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Medial lemniscus

A

Function: compact bundle carrying fine touch and proprioception sensations from the body
Lesion: loss of these sensations on the contra lateral side.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Superior colliculus

A

Function: it receives auditory information from the cochlear nuclei from both the sides of the body
Lesion: inability to determine the direction of the noise and partial deafness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Motor trigeminal

A

Function: controls the jaw muscles
Lesion: paralysis of these muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Locus coeruleus

A

Function: sends noradrenaline throughout the forebrain, brainstem, cerebellum and spinal cord. Awake centre and keeps the brain active
Lesion: excessive sleepiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Central gray

A

Function: pain modulation by the release of endogenous opioids and stimulation of serotonin fibres
Lesion: inability to control severe pain during fight or flight situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Middle cerebellar peduncle

A

Function: contains the Corticopontine fibres
Lesion: loss of coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Superior cerebellar peduncle

A

Function: contains the fibres that transmits feedback to the motor cortex via the thalamus
Lesion: loss of coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Basilar pontine nucleus

A

Function: the Corticopontine fibres synapses here
Lesion: loss of coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Superior colliculus

A

Function: responsible for visual reflexes
Lesions: abnormal visual reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Inferior colliculus

A

Function: responsible for auditory reflexes
Lesions:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pineal gland

A

Function: releases melatonin
Lesions:impaired sleep regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Periaqueductal Gray

A

Central Gray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Raphe nuclei

A

Function: serotonin distribution throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is an awake centre and keeps brain awake.
Lesions: excessive sleepiness

25
Q

Isthmus

A

Function: organiser. Responsible for the development of the hindbrain and cerebellum
Lesions: death

26
Q

Entorhinal cortex

A

Function:part of the hippocampal structures. Attaches location to episodic memory
Lesions:position aspect of memory impaired

27
Q

Subiculum

A

Function:final output of the hippocampal structures
Lesions: loss of ability to form episodice memory

28
Q

Visual cortex

A

Function: processes visual information
Lesions: cortical blindness

29
Q

Dentate gyrus

A

Function: important for the formation of episodic memory
Lesions: inability to form episodic memory

30
Q

Substantia nigra

A

Function:produces dopamine and distributes in the striatal complex
Lesions: Parkinson’s disease

31
Q

Ventral tegmental area

A

Function:produces dopamine and distributes in the accumbens nucleus. Part of the reward system
Lesions: lack of motivation

32
Q

Red nucleus

A

Function: gives rise to rubrospinal tract, an important motor bundle
Lesions:motor impairments

33
Q

Medial geniculate

A

Function: part of the thalamus, projects auditory information to the auditory cortex
Lesions: inability to process auditory information

34
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Function: important functions that is responsible for the survival of the organism. Controls the autonomic nervous system and the neuroendocrine system
Lesions: death

35
Q

Thalamus

A

Function: relays all sensory and other inputs to the cerebral cortex. There are few exceptions such as the olfactory system
Lesions:inability to process specific information based in area affected.

36
Q

Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

A

Function:part of the thalamus. Relays visual information to the primary visual cortex.
Lesions: cortical blindness

37
Q

VPM and VPL

A

Function:relays pain, touch and temperature sensations from the body
Lesions:loss of sensations

38
Q

Pretectum

A

Function:
Lesions:

39
Q

Prethalamus

A

Function:
Lesions:

40
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Function: the largest commissure in the nervous system. Connects the right hemisphere to the left hemisphere
Lesions: split brain conditions

41
Q

Amygdala

A

Function:emotional processing and processing olfactory sensations
Lesions: loss of social hierarchy and related feelings, loss of aggression and fear. Also good visual perception but lost visual recognition

42
Q

Piriform cortex

A

Function: processes olfactory sensations
Lesions: loss of olfactory sensations

43
Q

Optic tract

A

Function:carries visual information from the retina
Lesions: blindness

44
Q

Caudate-putamen

A

Function:part of striatum and is important in regulation of style and form of movement. Projects to the pallidum. Initiation of movement.
Lesions: increased muscle tone that makes the person to appear emotionless or apathetic. Parkinson’s disease

45
Q

Globus pallidus

A

Function:part of pallidumand is important in regulation of style and form of movement. Projects GABAergic fibres to the thalamus. Initiation of movement.
Lesions: increased muscle tone that makes the person to appear emotionless or apathetic. Parkinson’s disease

46
Q

Insular cortex

A

Function: processes taste and visceral sensations
Lesions: loss of these sensations

47
Q

Internal capsule

A

Function:carries both ascending and descending fibres to and from the cortex
Lesions: loss of sensations or paralysis of voluntary muscles or both to some extent.

48
Q

VMH

A

Function: nuclues that produces feeling of satiey
Lesions: never feels full

49
Q

Fornix

A

Function: connects the hippocampal structures and some other parts of the part
Lesions: coordination of these centres for complete processing of information

50
Q

Claustrum

A

Function:
Lesions:

51
Q

Ventral pallidum

A

Function:part of the striatum. Works with orbits frontal cortex to produce pleasure
Lesions: lack of motivation

52
Q

Anterior commissure

A

Function: connects the structures of the temporal lobes
Lesions: inability to coordinate information from both sides.

53
Q

Stria terminalis

A

Function:
Lesions:

54
Q

Septum

A

Function:
Lesions: Headache

55
Q

Preoptic area

A

Function: has centres that regulate the 24 hour clock and sleep regulation
Lesions:hormonal disturbances and pathological insomnia

56
Q

Cingulate cortex

A

Function:important for personality and behaviour
Lesions: profound changes in behaviour

57
Q

Nucleus accumbens

A

Function: part of the striatal complex that stimulates the ventral pallidum and orbitofrontal cortex to produce feeling of pleasure
Lesions: lack of motivation

58
Q

Olfactory bulb

A

Function: carries olfactory information
Lesions: loss of olfaction senses

59
Q

Accessory olfactory bulb

A

Function: pheromone detection. Important for social and mating clues
Lesions: inability to detect these cues

Brain bee national (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions