Brain Location

Question 1

What is centred on the primary motor cortex?

Answer 1

Movement

Question 2

What does the primary motor cortex do?

Answer 2

It sends messages to the muscles via the brain stem and spinal cord

Question 3

What is the primary motor cortex responsible for?

Answer 3

Complex movement and not basic actions

Question 4

How is the spinal cord and brain involved in movement?

Answer 4

It co-ordinates movements

Question 5

How is the pre motor cortex involved in movement?

Answer 5

It plans a movement prior to executing it

Question 6

How is the prefrontal cortex involved in movement?

Answer 6

It stores sensory information prior to a movement and works out the probable outcome of the movement

Question 7

Where is the somatosensory centres located?

Answer 7

Somatosensory cortex

Question 8

What is somatosensory referring to?

Answer 8

The sensation of the body

Question 9

How does it perceive touch?

Answer 9

The amount of neuronal connections needed dictates the amount of somatosensory cortex needed for that area. Touch-sensitive areas eg face require a larger proportion of the cortex

Question 10

How many visual cortices does the brain have?

Answer 10

Two, one in each hemisphere

Question 11

Where are the visual centres located?

Answer 11

In the primary visual cortex which is in the occipital lobe at the back of the brain

Question 12

What is the main visual centre and what is it necessary for?

Answer 12

The area V1 and for visual perception

Question 13

How many auditory cortices does the brain have?

Answer 13

It has two auditory cortices one in each hemisphere

Question 14

Where are the auditory centres located?

Answer 14

In the primary auditory cortex

Question 15

How does the cortex send information?

Answer 15

The primary auditory cortex in both hemispheres receives information from both ears via two pathways that transmit information about what the sound is and its location

Question 16

What happens if the auditory cortex is damaged?

Answer 16

It doesn’t lead to total deafness. Sounds can still be heard but if they require complex processing such as music then this ability is no longer present

Question 17

What happens if the Broca’s area is damaged?

Answer 17

It causes broacs aphasia which is characterised by slow speech, monotone and lacking in fluency

Question 18

Where is the Broca’s area located?

Answer 18

In the back of the frontal lobe

Question 19

What happens if the wernickes area is damaged?

Answer 19

Patients who have wernickes aphasia will often produce nonsense words as part of the content of their speech

Question 20

Where is the wernickes area located?

Answer 20

The left side of the temporal lobe at the back

Question 21

What are two strengths of localisation and lateralisation?

Answer 21

Case studies indicate localisation and lateralisation of function and Peterson et al used brain scans to show that the wernickes area was active during listening tasks and the Broca’s during reading tasks

Question 22

What are two limitations of localisation and lateralisation?

Answer 22

Lashley’s study on rats found no specific area involved in memory and the fact that rehabilitation can work following brain injury suggests that there is no localisation or lateralisation