Brain Development

Question 1

Frontal Lobe

Answer 1

• problem solving
• emotional traits
• reasoning (judgement)
• speaking
• voluntary motor activity

Question 2

Parietal Lobe

Answer 2

• knowing right from left
• sensation
• reading
• body orientation

Question 3

temporal lobe

Answer 3

• understanding language
• behavior
• memory
• hearing

Question 4

Occipital lobe

Answer 4

• vision
• color perception

Question 5

neurogenesis

Answer 5

• complete by 18 weeks after conception
• migration of cells

Question 6

Synaptogenesis

Answer 6

• formation of synapses
• surplus (by age 2)
• 40% more synapses than we are going to have adults

Question 7

pruning

Answer 7

• synapse elimination
• not the same as programmed cell death
• axon retreats, dendritic spine pruned away
• continutes through adolescence
• if a connection is repeatedly used, it remains otherwise, pruned

Question 8

cortical plasticity

Answer 8

• consequence of synaptogenesis and pruning
• flexibility/malleability = the capacity to be molded by experience

Question 9

Consequences of Cortical Plasticity

Answer 9

1. sensitive/critical periods
2. recovery from damage

Question 10

sensitive/critical periods

Answer 10

• ability can only be learned within a predetermined time window
• characteristic of some species-typical abilities that require learning
• ex) stereioimaging = disparity between two eyes –> require coordinated input –> develops around 3-4 months
• ex) experience depedent learning = learning to draw/ something you can learn throughout life and don’t necessarily need

Question 11

recovery from damage

Answer 11

children are better at recovering from damage than adults