Brain And Spine (CNS) Flashcards
What are the 3 layers of the brain?
Dura matter
Arachnoid matter
Pia matter
Dura matter
Outermost layer
Blood vessels
Nerves
Arachnoid matter
No blood vessels
Pis matter
Contains nerves and blood vessels to nourish cells of brain and spinal chord
What is cerebrospinal fluid?
Between arachnoid and pia patter
Describe the characteristics of the spinal chord
-nerve column passes from brain down vertebral canal
-31 segments, each with pair of spinal nerves
FUNCTION: conduct nerve impulses, centre for spinal reflexes
Differ between cervical enlargement and lumbar enlargement
Cervical: supplies nerves to upper limbs (neck)
Lumbar:supplies nerves to lower limbs (lower back)
What are meninges?
Membranes located between bones and soft tissue of nervous system
Sensory nerves vs motor nerves
Sensory: enter though DORSAL roof ganglia, carry messages TO the brain
Motor: exit through VENTRAL root ganglia, carry messages FROM the brain
What are the 3 major parts of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem
Cerebrum
Wrinkly part, largest
Sensory and motor functions, higher mental function (memory and reasoning)
Cerebellum
Voluntary muscles, balance and coordination
Brain stem
Regulate visceral functions, controls autonomic functions (ex heart and lungs)
How are the cerebral hemispheres and the corpus callosum related?
The cerebral hemispheres are the left and right side of brain, the corpus callosum connects these hemispheres
Name the lobes of the brain
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Frontal lobe
Reasoning, thinking, language, motor areas controlling voluntary muscle
Parietal lobe
Touch, temperature, pain, relation of body parts (somatosensory) and emotions
Occipital lobe
Visual information
Temporal lobe
Hearing, vision, memory, interpreting sensory information
What is in the diencephalon ?
Thalamus- relay station
Hypothalamus - hormones, heart rate, blood pressure, body temp, hunger
Parts of the brain stem
Midbrain Pons Medulla Pituitary gland Hippocampus Limbic system
Midbrain
Visual reflexes, eye movement
Pons
Relay sensory information (ex. It’s hot out)
Medulla
Heart, breathing, blood pressure
Pituitary gland
Controls hormones
the master gland of endocrine system
Hippocampus
Memory
Seahorse shaped
Lambic system
Controls EMOTION
