Brain 2 Flashcards
The nerves which run from the spinal cord to the periphery are called…
Spinal nerves
Have many pairs of spinal nerves do you have?
31
The nerves which run from the brainstem to the periphery are called …
Cranial nerves
How many pairs of cranial nerves do we have?
12 pairs
The Vagus Nerve is the ……. Cranial nerve
10th
The diencephalon lies above the
Brainstem
The diencephalon is composed of
Thalamus - receives information from the spinal cord and numerous areas of the brain and is often called a large relay station.
Hypothalamus - involved in the control of endocrine (hormones) function, feeding and body temperature regulation.
What is the following structure? Name both parts
What is the function of the cerebellum?
It receives sensory input from the spinal cord and influences limb movement. It receives input from other brain areas involved in movement planning.
Which area of the brain is the largest?
The cerebrum
There are two cerebral hemispheres joined by the…
Corpus callosum, which is composed of lots of nerve fibre tracts.
What is the surface of the cerebral hemisphere called?
The cortex
What is The basal ganglia made of, what is its function and where can it be found?
Gray matter
Lies deep beneath the cortex of the cerebrum.
They play an important role in the initiation and coordination of movement and are affected in Parkinsons disease where the dopamine content of the substantia nigra is reduced
The cortex can be divided into four areas. What are they?
Frontal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Name the areas.
What volume of CSF in adults
The CSF, of which there is ~140ml in adults, is found covering the brain, within cavities in the brain called the ventricles and within the central spinal canal.
Describe the blood brain barrier
As substances do not appear to move freely between the blood and the CSF there exists a blood brain barrier. It is likely that the junctions between the epithelial cells of the blood vessels of the brain are tight therefore limiting what substances can pass through.
How does the brain receive its blood and what percentage of the brain receives cardiac output
The brain receives its blood supply via the cerebral arteries. The brain despite being only a few % of body weight receives a surprisingly high proportion of the cardiac output 20%.
What is the brainstem composed of?
Midbrain, pons and medulla
Nerve cells are called?
Neurons
What is the role of sensory receptors?
Translate sensory information into a series of action potentials that can be transmitted to other parts of the nervous system e.g. spinal cord or brain.
Skin contains many different types of sensory nerve endings which are referred to as…
Cutaneous Receptors.
Name the cutaneous receptor:
Dendrites surrounded by connective tissue; discriminative & light touch; rapidly adapting
Meissner Corpuscle
Name the cutaneous receptor:
Collagen associated with nerve endings enclosed in a fluid filled capsule; continuous touch; slowly adapting
Ruffini Ending
