brain Flashcards
whats cerebellum for
motor learning, cognitive function, balance
frontal association cortex
intelligence, personality, behavious, mood, cognitive function
parietal association cortex
spatial skills, 3D recognition (shapes, faces, concepts, abstract perception)
temporal association cortex
memory, mood, aggression, intelligence
what is in precentral gyrus
primary motor cortex (contains large motor neurons in periphery to activate movements at periphery)
what language areas only occur in dominant hemisphere
exners area (controls hand for writing
brocas speech area
wernickes area
smagla and agla
what does primary auditory cortex do
organise tones and times (block out unmeaningful context)
what does Wernickes area do
secondary cortical (interprets sounds)
what is in postcentral gyrus
primary sensory cortex (sensory axons recieve info so is granular shaped)
whats aphasia
difficulty in language due to lesion in wernickes area (fluent or sensory aphasia)
whats brocas aphasia
non fluent or motor aphasia (difficulty in expressing what they want to say)
whats connectional aphasia
connection between brocas and wernickes area affected
3 layers that protect spinal cord
pia, arachnoid, dura mater
what do rootlets do
distribute information to and from spinal cord. rootlets come together to form dorsal and ventral root
what do dorsal and ventral root form
spinal nerve
how fast are myelinated and unmyelinated axons
50m/s and 1 m/s
whats touch receptor called
Meissners corpuscle
whats pressure receptor called
paccinian corpuscle
what does free nerve ending affect
unmyelinated for pain and temp`
what is the 3 regions of grey matter
sensory, autonomic, motor
whats autonomic for
balance and posture
what carries discriminative info
dorsal funiculus
where do pain and temp fibres transport up to
ventral funiculus
whats brown sequard syndrome
where one side of the spinal cord is damaged
whats dissociative and associative sensory loss
dissociative - lesion further up
associative -lesion in brain stem
what does lesion in upper motor neuron cause
spastic paralysis
lesion in lower motor neuron causes
flaccid paralysis
what are pyramids associated with
corticospinal tract
what causes parkinsons disease
destruction of cells in substantia niagra (needs more glutamate but its toxic)
What’s white matter
Has axon Tracts coming out from neurons
What’s grey matter
Where neuron cell bodies are housed
What’s Meissners corpuscle
Touch encapsulated receptor
What’s paccinian corpuscle
Pressure encapsulated receptor
What does less neurons mean
Less pain or sensation in that area
What sorts out what information is important and relevant at the time
Thalamus
where does pathway of discriminative sensation occur
dorsal medial lemniscal (cross over occurd at brain stem medulla)
where does pathway of pain/temp sensation occur
spinothalamic tract (crosses over in spinal cord)
where does discriminative info decussate
internal arcuate fibres
what are the 5 basal ganglia
caudate nucleus
putamen
globus pallidus
subthalamic nucleus
substantia nigra
