bovine- meds and sx/anes

Question 1

clinical vs subclinical

Answer 1

clinical- visible mastitis

subclinical- udder looks normal -CMT test

Question 2

how is hardware disease diagnosed?

Answer 2

grunt test, schooch test, peritoneal fluid analysis.

Question 3

what is the treatment for hardware disease?

Answer 3

antibiotics, magnet.

Question 4

two purposes for the frick speculum

Answer 4

multipurpose tube- oral/vaginal speculum. delivers boluses, liquids, or orogastric tube

Question 5

4 reasons for orogastric intubation

Answer 5

large quantities of fluids to reticulum/rumen,

relieve bloat, remove rumen fluid, rumen inoculation

Question 6

where are IM injections given? max per site in adult cow?

Answer 6

IM inj given cranial to shoulders. adult cow max- 15-20 ml

Question 7

SQ is preferred over IM, why?

Answer 7

IM causes scar tissue formation.

Question 8

where are SQ injections given? max per site for adults

Answer 8

neck/lateral muscle.. max for adults is 250 ml/site

Question 9

max per site for SQ given to calves

Answer 9

50 ml/site

Question 10

when do we use ID injections? common location for injection?

Answer 10

TB testing, location for ID testing-caudal tail fold

Question 11

disadvantages to SQ abdominal vein

Answer 11

prone to bleeding and hematomas

have to hold off for 1-2 minutes

Question 12

why is standing surgery more common than GA

Answer 12

cattle are sensitive to GA

Question 13

standing laparotomy type of nerve block

Answer 13

inverted L block

Question 14

what type of local will be given to cow with prolapsed uterus? where is it given

Answer 14

epidural.. given between C1 and C2 or sacrococcygeal junction

Question 15

block for deep flank tissues

Answer 15

paravertebral block

Question 16

an eye block used in cattle, that also removes squamous cell carcinomas

Answer 16

Retrobulbar block, peterson eye block

Question 17

dehorning block

Answer 17

cornual nerve block

Question 18

which nerve block is used for teats and claw amputation

Answer 18

ring block

Question 19

when do you withhold grain, roughage, and water

Answer 19

grain-24 hours
roughage- 48 hours
water- 12 hours

Question 20

when an animal is in lateral recumbency, which side is down

Answer 20

right side is down

Question 21

reversal agent-xylazine.. why should we reverse it?

Answer 21

xylazine is reversed with tolazoline.. reversing wakes them up faster and prevents bloating

Question 22

size needle for IV catheter

Answer 22

14 g

Question 23

ET tube internal diameter

Answer 23

most commonly 20-30 ml