Boundaries/Empathy/Perception

Question 1

What about being a nurse gives us power

Answer 1

our knowledge
we have their attention/time
they have to be open, vulnerable and give us their trust
uniform gives authority/power, has keys to everything
Talk about milgrams experiment

Question 2

BOUNDAIES

Answer 2

• limits that allow a safe connection between the professional and the client and are always based on the client’s needs (Peterson, M. 1992)
• Clear expectations about:
Time, Roles (of client and RPN), Purpose of relationship, Types of communication, Confidentiality
• “Boundaries create a safe place in which to work, one where they (clients) can rely upon the professional to act in the best interests of the client.”

Question 3

Boundary Violations

Answer 3

Occurs when a professional places his or her needs above the needs of the client

Ex.
Accepting gifts or money
Inappropriate dress
Unprofessional language
Inappropriate self disclosure
Inappropriate physical contact

Question 4

Characteristics of a Boundary Violation

Answer 4

Role Reversal
Secrecy
Abuse of Professional Privilege
Double Bind
Objectification

Question 5

“Red flags” for boundary violations

Answer 5

• Making the client special (giving extra time and attention)
• Visiting client off hours
• Doing things for the client they can do for themselves (disempowering)
• Discounting actions of other professionals
• Feeling resentment about the ways other team members care for the client
• Sharing personal issues (inappropriate self-disclosure)
• Promising availability to the client
• Persistently thinking about the client off duty

Question 6

Dual Relationship

Answer 6

• A dual relationship exists when a professional assumes a second role with a client.
E.g. Professional, friend, employer, business partner, romantic partner
• Social relationship - You don’t need formal preparation training or distinct body of knowledge to be in a social relationship.

Question 7

Social v. Theraputic Relationship

Answer 7

Socail

• Unpaid
• Spontaneous
• Open ended
• Equal power
• Personal choice
• Both partner’s needs met
• Rarely evaluate interactions
• Trade advice, opinions, freely

Theraputic

• Paid
• Structured
• Time limited
• Power over
• Contractual agreement
• Focus on the need of the patient
• Evaluate with patient r/t goals
• Encourage patient’s problem-solving without interjecting own pref.

Question 8

Empathy

Answer 8

1. perspective taking (cognitive)
2. emotional dimension that helps us gain a sense of the other’s feelings
3. genuine concern for the welfare of the other

• is more than sympathy
• feels connecton
• staying out of judgment, feeling with people, it’s a choice, its understanding other emotions.
• It almost never uses ‘at least’.
• It’s finding that deep part of yourself to connect with the other person.

Question 9

Sympathy

Answer 9

feeling sorry/pity for them
feels more superficial and hollow, condescending, somewhat more primal
dries disconnection

Question 10

Situational Empathy

Answer 10

empathic reactions in a specific situation

Question 11

Dispositional Empathy

Answer 11

empathy is understood as a person’s stable character trait.

Question 12

Bioethics

Answer 12

focuses on the moral aspects of healthcare and grew out of a concern with life and death issues
Issues like advance directives, organ and tissue recovery and donation, and informed consent are common topics of discussion.

Question 13

Fidelity

Answer 13

principlepertainingtotheconceptoffaithfulness

Question 14

Distributive justice

Answer 14

distribution of services and often relates specifically to the proper and most effective allocation of scarce healthcare resources.

Question 15

Beneficent

Answer 15

taking action to promote the welfare of others. Mercy, kindness, and charity are all qualities

Question 16

Nonmaleficence

Answer 16

do no harm

Question 17

Moral Uncertainty

Answer 17

when a nurse identifies a problem but is unsure of the ethically correct actions

Question 18

Moral Dilemma

Answer 18

when 2 or more mutually exclusive moral claims apply and both have equal weight

Question 19

Moral Distress

Answer 19

occurs when one knows the morally correct action and feels responsible to the patient but institutional or other restraints make it nearly impossible to follow through

Question 20

Moral Outrage

Answer 20

occurs when someone else in a healthcare setting performs an act that a nurse feels is immoral

Question 21

Self Regard

Answer 21

supports the beliefrefers to duties that concern preserving one’s image and integrity.

Question 22

Moral Respect

Answer 22

Remember that ones owns the same respect to self as others. in the worth and dignity of all humans irrespective of their personal attributes or life saturation

Question 23

Stages of perception

Answer 23

1. Selection -
2. Organization -
3. Interpretation –

Question 24

selection

Answer 24

available from stimuli; pay attention to some stimuli and ignore others; tend to pay attention to more intense stimuli.

Question 25

organization

Answer 25

we sort stimuli into groups according to existing schemes. How is this problematic in individualized care?

Question 26

interpertation

Answer 26

the way we explain our perceptions to ourselves; we interpret information in a way that makes sense to us.

Question 27

Halo Effect

Answer 27

Your own “personality theory”, that certain characteristics go with certain other characteristics. The tendency of a favorable or unfavorable impression in one area to influence judgment of the person in other areas.

Question 28

Proximity

Answer 28

this is the tendency to view most positively persons who are most like us, and the tendency to view negatively persons who are least like us

Question 29

Stereotyping

Answer 29

a fixed impression about a group may influence your perceptions of the individual members of that group. You may miss individual uniqueness.

Question 30

Pollyanna Effect

Answer 30

You perceive what you expect to perceive, rather than what really is (perceptual accentuation). For example, everyone in the world is well-meaning all of the time.

Question 31

Primacy-Recency

Answer 31

This is the tendency to give extra importance to what occurs first. This is the idea that first impressions are lasting impressions; they colour how we see someone at other times. In some cases, extra weight is given to what occurs last.

Question 32

common tendencies in perception

Answer 32

We judge ourselves more favourably
We assume others are similar to us.
We are influenced by the obvious. (How does this give media power?)

Question 33

Self-Awareness is made up of:

Answer 33

• Self esteem – the value you place on yourself; your perceived self-worth
• Self-concept – the image you have of who you are: the relatively stable set of perceptions you hold of yourself
• Self-awareness – your knowledge of yourself; the extent to which you know who you are