Bottom down approach (offender profiling.) Flashcards
what is the bottom up appraoch and who uses it?
BRITISH profilers who work UP from evidence collected at the crime SCENE to develop HYPOTHESES about the likley CHARACTERISTICS, MOTIVATION and social BACKGROUND of the offender.
what is investigative psychology?
a form of BOTTOM UP profiling that MATCHES detials from the SCENE with STATS of TYPICAL offender behaviour PATTERNS based on PSYCH theory.
Patterns of behaviour that OCCUR across crime scenes are used to DEVELOP a statistical DATABASE which acts as a BASELINE for comparison in the future.
what types of things may be investigated in investigative psychology?
INTERPERSONAL COHERENCE: the way the offender BEHAVES at the SCENE
FORENSIC AWARENESS: ability to REMOVE evidence.
TIME AND PLACE: indicates where the offender LIVES.
what is geographical profiling?
form of B.U profiling based on SPATIAL consistency. The idea that offenders OPERATIONAL base and possible FUTURE offences are REVEALED by the geographical LOCATION of their PREVIOUS crimes.
what is crime mapping?
Making INFERENCES about the likely HOME/BASE of an offender.
what is canters circle thoery?
*The Marauder: operates in CLOSE proximity to their home base.
*The Commuter: travels a DISTANCE away from their usual residence.
The pattern of offending forms a CIRCLE around their residence. This becomes more APPARENT as more offences are committed and can give INFO of the NATURE of the offence i.e. planned or opportunistic.
