BOTANY INTRO Flashcards
Overview of plant body, plant functioning, reproduction and embryonic development, growth development
botany
it is a branch of biology which deals with the study of PLANTS
Botany
6 discipines in Botany
Plant Molecular Biology
Plant Biochemistry
Plant cell biology
Plant anatomy
Plant morphology
Plant genetics
study structures and functions of important
biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.
Plant Molecular Biology
is the study of the chemical interactions within
plants, including the variety of chemicals that plant produce
Plant Biochemistry
– encompasses the structures, functions, and life
processes of plant cells
Plant cell biology
is microscopic plant structure ( cells and tissues)
Plant anatomy
refers to the structures of plant parts such as
leaves, roots, and stems, including their evolution and development
Plant morphology
refers to heredity and variation
Plant genetics
7 CHARACTERISTICS
OF LIVING THINGS
PLANTS ARE HIGHLY ORGANIZED
PLANTS TAKE IN AND USE ENERGY
PLANTS RESPOND TO STIMULI
PLANTS GROW AND DEVELOP
PLANTS REPRODUCE
Plant DNA transmits information from one generation to the next
PLANT POPULATIONS UNDERGO CHANGES OVER TIME
top to bottom cellular organization leves of Plant
organism
organ system
organ
tissue
cell
organelle
6 steps in photosynthesis in order
- the plant draw up water through its roots
- the leaves take in CO2 from the air
- the leaves trap energy from sunlight
- The plant uses the energy of sunlight to turn water and co2 into sugars and oxygen
- the plant releases oxygen
- the plant uses the sugars for growth
how many species of plants are known in teh kingdom plantae
325,000
5 classification scheme
- vased on water requirements
- based on habitat or environement location
- based on life duration
- based on natural system classification
- based on their habit of body appearance
5 kinds of topisms or plant movements
- chemotropism
- phototropism
- geotropism
- haptotropism
- hyrdotropism
it is when certainn chemicals produces by the ovary helps the growth of pollen tube towards the ovary
chemotropism
it is when stem grows towards light and root grows away from light
phototropism
it is when stem grows against gravoty and roots grow towards gravity
geotropism
it is when climbers grow towards and around a support
haptotropism
it is when stem grows away from water and roots grow towards water
hydrotropism
the parts of life cycle of a plant
seed - germination - stems and roots - leaves - flowers - pollination
The characteristics of an organism are
encoded in
GENES,
they are the units of
hereditary information
GENES
Genes are composed of
deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)
a nucleic acid present in a cell’s
chromosomes that contains genetic
information.
DNA
are characteristics that enable
an organism to better survive in a certain
environment.
Adaptations
the process by which
organisms adapt to their environment over
time, is the genetic change in a population
of organisms from generation to
generations.
Evolution
first ones who suggested a plausible mechanism , natural selection to explain evolution.
Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace
autotrophic or heterotrophic
can manufacture their own food
include all green plants which make their organic food by photosynthesis
also few non green plants just like bacteria which manufacture their organic food
autotrophs or independent plants
food web from first to last
- producers
- primary consumers (herbivores)
- secondary consumers (small carnivores)
- tertiary carnivores (large carnivores)
4 types of plants based on water requirements
mesophytes
xerophytes
hydrophytes
halophytes
3 kinds of plants based on their habitat environment location
aquatic
terrestial
aerial
3 kinds of plants based on their life duration
annual plants
biennial plants
perennial plants
plants that live for one year or only one growing season
annual plants
plants that live for 2 years
the first one limited for its vegetative growth
the second for its reproductive year
biennial plants
plants that live from year to year or more than two years
perennial plants
these are examples of what plant based on their life duration?
corn, wheat, rice, lettuce, pe
watermelon, beans, zinnia, marigold and etc.
annual plants
these are examples of what plant based on their life duration?
onion, parsley, carrot, and etc
biennial plants
these are examples of what plant based on their life duration?
—fruits like avocado,pine
strawberry, banana,appIe,tomato and etc..
-herbs, vegetables, shrubs and trees
perennial plants
garlic, basil, orega
ginger, black pepper and etc…
are examples of?
-herbs
like okra, potato,
camote, eggplant and etc
are examples of?
vegetables
plants that live on water
aquatic
4 plants based on their habit of body appearance
trees
shrubs
herbs
vines
woody plants with a single main stem which is commonly about 20ft in length
trees
woody plant is a relatively short length
shrubs
plants with soft succulent stems
herbs
climibing or twining plant with stems which may be tender or tough
vines
these are plants that lack vascular plants that specialized means of transporting water and organic nutrients, do not have true roots, stem and leaves
nonvascular plants
3 kinds of nonvascular plants
a. division hepatophyta
b. division bryophyta
c. division anthocerophyta
these are liverworts
division hepatophyta
these are mosses
division bryophyta
these are hornworts
division anthocerophyta
plants that require moderate supply of water
Mesophytes
examples of mesophytes
rosa multiflora
solidago canadensis
leucontehemum vulgore
plants that live in deserts.day plants and can survive woth scanty amount of water
xerophytes
examples of xerophytes
Cereus yeiuvinnus
Euphorbia virosa
are aquatic plants
hydrophytes
examples of hydrophytes
water lilies
Nymphaea alba
Nelunbo nucifera
Water hyacinth
plants developed a mechanism that allows plants that live in environments with a high concetration of saltto survive
halophytes
examples of halophytes
seagrasses
mangroves
Salicoi nia bigelovii
plants live on land
terrestrial
plants that attach to a tall plant therefore they loook like they live in the air
aerial
