Botanicals Flashcards
Fennel is contraindicated with which drugs?
Cipro (reduced bioavailability)
OCPs (reduced efficacy)
Tamoxifen (phytoestrogenic)
Ephedra is indicated, but not safe in:
COPD, sinusitis, asthma
bronchodilator
Bitter herb contraindications:
ulcer, gastritis, GERD, obstruction
Asteracea family includes:
artemisia spp (wormwood, sweet annie, mugwort) arnica calendula eupatorium spp grindelia silybum solidago (goldenrod) yarrow
wormwood / artemisia absinthum:
low dose
bitter, antimicrobial
roundworm, pinworm
Sweet Annie / artemisia annua:
anti-malarial
take with iron
CI: pregnancy
monkshood / aconite:
low dose
antipyretic, sedative
mugwort / artemisia vulgaris:
emmenagogue / abortifacient (CI: preg)
BITTER
interxn w/PPIs, hypoglycemics (inc motility)
pleurisy root / asclepius tuberosa:
respiratory infx, congestion, pleurisy
CI: pregnancy, sustained use
yarrow / achillea mill:
hemostatic, bitter
skin ulcer, hemorrhage
emmenagogue, abortifacient
inc motility, antag PPIs
aspidosperma quebracho:
wet cough, dyspnea
astragalus:
adaptogen, immune mod
viral myocardiopathy
CI: acyclovir, corticosteroids
exacerbate AI & acute infx
belladonna:
atropine, tropane alkaloids spasmolytic spastic conditions CI: long term, high dose hot as hare, red as beet, dry as bone, blind as bat, mad as hatter interxn: anticholinergic, amitriptyline
oat / avena sativa:
nervine, hypolipidemic
inflamed skin
fatigue, anxiety, hyperlipidemia
black cohosh / cimicifuga (actea race):
uterine tonic, pituitary/estrogen mimetic
PMS, dysmenorrhea, menopause,
advFX: sedative, bradycardia, hypotension
brahmi / bacopa monnieri:
analgesic
poor memory, epilepsy
Induces CYP450
Interxn: sedatives (potentiates)
indigo / baptisia tinctoria:
immune stim, antimicrobial, anti-catarrhal
URI, catarrhal infx
oregon grape / mahonia:
bitter, alterative, chronic skin dz
GI, skin, UTI
Interxn: PPIs
barberry / berberis vulgaris:
cholagogue, choleretic
chronic hepatitis, liver dz, gallstones
CI: hyperbilirubinemia
frankincense / boswellia:
anti-inflammatory
asthma, OA, RA
white bryony / begonia:
pain, rheumatism
TOPICAL
marigold / calendula:
vulnerably
dermatitis, wounds, skin ulceration
tea / camellia sinensis:
infx, preventive (CA, cavities, memory), stimulant
interxn: red iron absorption, antag sedatives
marijuana / cannabis sativa:
cancer, glaucoma, pain
CI: schizophrenia
shepherd’s purse / cappella bursa-pastors:
styptic
menorrhagia, metrorrhagia
cayenne / capsicum frutescens:
diabetic neuropathy, pruritus, OA, RA, capillary atony
CI: pregnancy
senna / cassia spp:
cathartic, atonic constipation
safe while lactating
interxn: diuretics, corticosteroids, glycyrrhiza
blue cohosh / caulophylum thalictroides:
uterine tonic
ceanothus americanus:
splenomegaly
interxn: anticoagulants
gotu kola / centella asiatica:
nervine, venotonic
insomnia, dementia, poor memory, chronic venous insufficiency
false unicorn / chamaelirium luteum:
uterine tonic
greater celandine / chelidonium:
warts, prevent gall stones
fringe tree / chionanthus virginicus:
cholagogue, alterative
liver and gallbladder dysfunction
cineraria (centaurium) marítima:
anti-cataract, TOPICAL
CI: internal use
advFX: hepatoveno-occlusive dz, liver failure, death
cinnamon / cinnamomum:
astringent, carminative
hemorrhage, dyspepsia
coleus forskolii:
vasodilator
asthma, dilated cardiomyopathy
interxn: cardiac glycosides, anticoags, antihistamines, hypoglycemics
guggul / commiphora mukul:
hypolipidemic
myrrh / commiphora myrrha:
antimicrobial
excess mucus
lily of the valley / convallaria majalis:
CHF, atrial arrhythmia
advFX: green halo effect
interxn: diuretics, corticosteroids, glycyrrhiza
horse chestnut / aesculus hippocastanum:
venotonic, astringent
varicose veins, hemorrhoids, DVT
highly toxic fruit
cayenne / capsicum:
DM neuropathy, OA, RA, capillary atony
CI: pregnancy
aloe vera gel:
burns, wounds, gastritis
vulnerary
cordyceps sinensis:
bronchodilator, anti-CA
anemia, protects bone marrow
corydalis spp:
strong analgesic, sedative
pain, angina, arrhythmias
hawthorn / crataegus:
cardiotonic
cardiac weakness
interxn: b blockers (may cause HTN)
turmeric / curcuma:
anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic
CA, OA, RA, inflammation, NSAID-induced ulcers
artichoke / cynara:
hypolipidemic, bitter
poor digestion
datura:
spasmolytic
asthma, smooth muscle spasm
interxn: anticholinergics, tricyclic amitriptyline
foxglove / digitalis:
CHF (stimulant, ionotrope, neg chronotrope)
advFX: green halo, death
interxn: diuretics, corticosteroids, glycyrrhiza
wild yam / dioscorea:
spasmolytic
dysmenorrhea, PMS
echinacea:
immune stimulant
URI
interxn: corticosteroids
Siberian ginseng / eleutherococcus:
adaptogen
CA, chronic inflammation, Addison’s
interxn: corticosteroids
ma huang / ephedra:
adrenergic agonist, bronchodilator
bronchitis, asthma
OD: sympathomimetic (n/v, vertigo, sweat, tremor)
interxn: sympathomimetics, MAOI, methylphenidate
horse tail / equisetum:
aquaretic
urolithiasis, edema
interxn: diuretics, corticosteroids, glycyrrhiza
poppy / eschscholzia:
hypnotic
neuralgia, insomnia
eucalyptus:
antimicrobial, counter-irritant
OA, RA, URI
boneset / eupatorium perfoliatum:
diaphoretic
pain from cough
advFX: hepatic failure, HVOD
gravel root / eupatorium purpureum:
anti-lithic
urolithiasis
advFX: hepatic failure, HVOD
eye bright / euphrasia:
anti-inflammatory
opthalmias
fennel / foeniculum:
carminative, galactagogue
infant colic, insufficient lactation
kelp / fucus:
iodine
hypothyroid, goiter, rheumatism
cleavers / gallium aparine:
aquaretic
nodular growths, lymphadenitis
reishi / ganoderma lucidum:
adaptogen
insomnia
interxn: corticosteroids
gelsemium:
anodyne
insomnia, nervous unrest
gentiana:
bitter
poor digestion
geranium:
styptic
menorrhagia, hemorrhoid, diarrhea
ginkgo:
vasodilator
intermittent claudication, cerebrovascular insufficiency
licorice / glycyrrhiza:
adaptogen
Addisons
advFX: pseudoaldosteronism
interxn: corticosteroids, diuretics
grindelia:
respiratory stimulant
asthmatic breathing
gymnema:
DM, hypercholesterolemia
witch hazel/hamamelis virginiana:
styptic, astringent
varicose veins, mild hemorrhage