Bordetella, Francisella, Moraxella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia

Question 1

Members of which two genera in this section are considered potential bioterrorism agents?

Answer 1

Francisella and Burkholderia

Question 2

What disease patterns do members of the genus Pseudomonas cause in cats and dogs?

Answer 2

otitis externa, lower UTI, pyoderma

Question 3

What disease pattern does Burkholderia mallei cause in horses?

Answer 3

multisystemic pyogranulatomatous disease

“glanders” or “farcy”

Question 4

How are Francisella tularensis infections treated and prevented?

Answer 4

Treatment- antibiotics

Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloaxin), tetracycline

Prevention- limit exposure to vectors

Question 5

What disease patterns does Francisella tularensis cause in cats, dogs, small ruminants, horses, and pigs?

Answer 5

Endotoxemia, inflammatory disease

Question 6

How are Burkholderia mallei infections treated?

Answer 6

They aren’t. Infected horses must be culled by law.

Question 7

What feature of the genus Pseudomonas is helpful for identification/diagnosis?

Answer 7

They produce fluorescent pigments

Question 8

What disease patterns do members of the genus Pseudomonas cause in horses?

Answer 8

metritis, keratoconjunctivitis

Question 9

Is Bordetella considered a core vaccine for dogs and cats?

Answer 9

No, according to AAHA and AAFP

Dogs can be vaccinated before anticipated exposure and cats with sustained risk (i.e. shelters) can be vaccinated

Question 10

What disease patterns does Francisella tularensis cause in rabbits and rodents?

Answer 10

hepatitis, splenitis

Question 11

What disease patterns to members of the genus Moraxella cause in large ruminants?

Answer 11

keratoconjunctivits (“pink eye”), corneal ulcers

panophthalmitis in severe cases

Question 12

How are Bordetella infections treated and controlled?

Answer 12

Treatment- ventiliation, sanitation, isolation

Antibiotics- tetracyclines (1st choice), erythromycin

Vaccine available

Question 13

What disease patterns do members of the genus Pseudomonas cause in large ruminants?

Answer 13

mastitis

Question 14

What disease patterns do members of the genus Bordetella cause in birds?

Answer 14

Rhinotracheitis, coryza in turkeys

Question 15

How are Burkholderia pseudomallei infections treated?

Answer 15

With antibiotics- fluoroquinolones, tetracycline

Question 16

How are Moraxella infections treated and controlled?

Answer 16

Treatment- antibiotics (tetracycline, chloramphenicol), indole dyes in spray

Prevention- fly, dust, and UV irradiation control; vaccine available

Question 17

What disease patterns do members of the genus Bordetella cause in pigs?

Answer 17

atrophic rhinitis (co-infection with Pasteurella multocida), pneumonia

Question 18

Where are members of the genus Pseudomonas usually found?

Answer 18

Wet soil or plants

Question 19

How are Pseudomonas infections treated and prevented?

What is the antibiotic of choice?

Answer 19

First choice- gentamycin

Others- amikacin, carbenicllin, clavamox, tetracyclines

Highly multidrug resistant

Question 20

Which cell type does Francisella tularensis target first? Which disease pattern can result?

Answer 20

Endothelial cells

Inflammatory disease

Question 21

How are animals exposed to Francisella tularensis?

Answer 21

It can be transmitted by ticks or biting flies

Dogs and cats that eat wild rodents or rabbits can be exposed

Question 22

What disease patterns do members of the genus Bordetella cause in cats and dogs?

Answer 22

tracheobronchitis (“kennel cough”), pneumonia

often forms a complex with viruses and other bacteria including Chlamydophilia and Mycoplasma

Question 23

True or false:

There is no need to report cases of melioidosis.

Answer 23

False. It is a reportable disease.

Question 24

What disease pattern does Burkholderia pseudomallei cause in multiple species?

Answer 24

acute or subclinical disseminating pyogranulomatous disease

“melioidosis”