Bordetella, Francisella, Moraxella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia Flashcards
Members of which two genera in this section are considered potential bioterrorism agents?
Francisella and Burkholderia
What disease patterns do members of the genus Pseudomonas cause in cats and dogs?
otitis externa, lower UTI, pyoderma
What disease pattern does Burkholderia mallei cause in horses?
multisystemic pyogranulatomatous disease
“glanders” or “farcy”
How are Francisella tularensis infections treated and prevented?
Treatment- antibiotics
Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloaxin), tetracycline
Prevention- limit exposure to vectors
What disease patterns does Francisella tularensis cause in cats, dogs, small ruminants, horses, and pigs?
Endotoxemia, inflammatory disease
How are Burkholderia mallei infections treated?
They aren’t. Infected horses must be culled by law.
What feature of the genus Pseudomonas is helpful for identification/diagnosis?
They produce fluorescent pigments
What disease patterns do members of the genus Pseudomonas cause in horses?
metritis, keratoconjunctivitis
Is Bordetella considered a core vaccine for dogs and cats?
No, according to AAHA and AAFP
Dogs can be vaccinated before anticipated exposure and cats with sustained risk (i.e. shelters) can be vaccinated
What disease patterns does Francisella tularensis cause in rabbits and rodents?
hepatitis, splenitis
What disease patterns to members of the genus Moraxella cause in large ruminants?
keratoconjunctivits (“pink eye”), corneal ulcers
panophthalmitis in severe cases
How are Bordetella infections treated and controlled?
Treatment- ventiliation, sanitation, isolation
Antibiotics- tetracyclines (1st choice), erythromycin
Vaccine available
What disease patterns do members of the genus Pseudomonas cause in large ruminants?
mastitis
What disease patterns do members of the genus Bordetella cause in birds?
Rhinotracheitis, coryza in turkeys
How are Burkholderia pseudomallei infections treated?
With antibiotics- fluoroquinolones, tetracycline
How are Moraxella infections treated and controlled?
Treatment- antibiotics (tetracycline, chloramphenicol), indole dyes in spray
Prevention- fly, dust, and UV irradiation control; vaccine available
What disease patterns do members of the genus Bordetella cause in pigs?
atrophic rhinitis (co-infection with Pasteurella multocida), pneumonia
Where are members of the genus Pseudomonas usually found?
Wet soil or plants
How are Pseudomonas infections treated and prevented?
What is the antibiotic of choice?
First choice- gentamycin
Others- amikacin, carbenicllin, clavamox, tetracyclines
Highly multidrug resistant
Which cell type does Francisella tularensis target first? Which disease pattern can result?
Endothelial cells
Inflammatory disease
How are animals exposed to Francisella tularensis?
It can be transmitted by ticks or biting flies
Dogs and cats that eat wild rodents or rabbits can be exposed
What disease patterns do members of the genus Bordetella cause in cats and dogs?
tracheobronchitis (“kennel cough”), pneumonia
often forms a complex with viruses and other bacteria including Chlamydophilia and Mycoplasma
True or false:
There is no need to report cases of melioidosis.
False. It is a reportable disease.
What disease pattern does Burkholderia pseudomallei cause in multiple species?
acute or subclinical disseminating pyogranulomatous disease
“melioidosis”
