Boot Camp Misc Flashcards

1
Q

What is absorbed in the duodenum?

A

FIC

folate, iron, calcium

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2
Q

Where is B12 absorbed?

A

Terminal ileum

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3
Q

Low sodium, high urine osmol

A

SIADH

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4
Q

Entamoeba hystolytica

A

only parasite that causes bloody diarrhea (ask about travel hx)

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5
Q

Treatment for Entamoeba hystolytica

A

metronidazole and diloxanide

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6
Q

What diuretic can cause hypercalcemia?

A

thiazide

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7
Q

What diuretic can cause hypocalcemia?

A

loop - lasix

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8
Q

Where is Broca’s area?

A

frontal lobe (usually left sided)

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9
Q

Wernicke’s

A

posterior superior temporal lobe

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10
Q

Most common pathogen causing urinary tract infection (UTI) in pregnancy

A

E coli

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11
Q

Where is a pheochromocytoma located?

A

Adrenal MEDULLA

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12
Q

Investigation for pheochromocytoma

A

24-hour urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and catecholamine levels

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13
Q

Occurrence of malignant mesothelioma has been correlated with industrial exposure

A

asbestos

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14
Q

How do NSAIDS work on the kidney

A

Decrease renal blood flow (prevents dilation of afferent arterioles by blocking prostaglandin)

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15
Q

Most common complication of varicella infection

A

Pneumonitis, pneumonia

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16
Q

Skin sensation over the lower part of the right deltoid muscle

A

Axillary nerve

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17
Q

Travel hx, bloody diarrhea, liver abscess of u/s

A

Entamoeba hystolytica

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18
Q

What does chronic alcohol injection do to P450?

A

Enhances activity

19
Q

What does acute alcohol injection do to P450?

A

Paradoxically reduces activity

20
Q

common cause of hemolytic anemia in people with G6PD def

A

sulfa meds

fava beans

21
Q

the most effective prophylaxis for individuals exposed to meningococcal meningitis

A

rifampin

22
Q

Propranolol / nadolol

A

non-selective beta blockers

don’t use with pulmonary edema

23
Q

Anterior pituitary hormones

A

LH, FSH, TSH, ACTH

24
Q

Symptom B12 def

A

peripheral neuropathy

25
Q

A congo red special stain demonstrates apple green birefringence

A

amyloidosis

26
Q

What is Ransen’s criteria

A
Criteria on admission: 
age >55 years; 
glucose >11.1 mmols/L (200 mg/dL); 
WBC count >16 x 10^9/L (16 x 10^3/microlitre); 
serum AST (SGOT) >250 units/L; 
serum LDH >350 units/L
Criteria after 48 hours of admission: 
Hct fall >10%; 
estimated fluid sequestration >6 L; 
base deficit >4 mEq/L; 
blood urea nitrogen rise >1.8 mmols/L (5 mg/dL); 
serum calcium <2 mmols/L (8 mg/dL); 
PO2 <8 kPa (60 mmHg).
27
Q

Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

28
Q

common side effect of long term lasix use

A

hypokalemia

29
Q

what causes Waterhouse Friederichsen syndrome

A

neisseria meningitis

30
Q

A stroke in which part of the brain will result in contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing

A

occipital cortex, (PCA)

31
Q

Renal tubular casts

A

ATN

32
Q

Fasciculations are found in what motor neuron lesion

A

LOWER

33
Q

upward Babinski reflex and hyperreflexia in what motor neuron lesion

A

UPPER

34
Q

upper and lower motor neuron lesions are found in what condition

A

ALS

35
Q

can you use metformin in a patient with renal failure?

A

no!

36
Q

MRI of brain, which shows destruction of his mammillary bodies - what deficiency

A

B1

37
Q

episodic ataxia, difficulty speaking, and bladder incontinence

A

MS

38
Q

demyelinating disease associated with HLA haplotypes A3, B7, DR2, and DW2

A

MS

39
Q

another name for Autoimmune lymphocytic adrenalitis

A

Addison’s disease

(primary etiology for hypotension with decreased serum sodium, chloride, and glucose, along with increased serum potassium and acidosis )

40
Q

Oligoclonal bands are identified in a high resolution electrophoresis of spinal fluid in what condition

A

MS

41
Q

Optic neuritis is a common presentation in what neuro disorder

A

MS

42
Q

an adjuvant diabetic medication that can cause increased flatulence and diarrhea

A

acarbose

43
Q

ADH in made in what area of the pituitary

A

POSTERIOR