booklet 4-reactivity of metals Flashcards
what does the ph scale go from and to
0 to 14
what does a lower ph show
the solution is more acidic
what does a higher ph show
the more alkaline the solution is
what ph level is said to be neutral
ph 7
what sort of solutions do acids form
acids form an aqueous solution
what ph do acids have
less than 7
acids form what
acids form H+ ions in water
what is a base
a base is an alkali
what ph does a base have
above 7
what sort of base is an alkali
a base that dissolves in water
what do alkalis form
OH- ions in water
what is the reaction between acids and bases called
neutralisation
word equation for neutralisation
acid + base -> salt + water
équation for neutralisation in terms if H+ and OH- ions
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) -> H2O (l)
the reactivity series of …
the reactivity series of metals
what other two elements does the reactivity series of metals often include
carbon and hydrogen
which metals will react with water - 4
potassium
sodium
lithium
calcium
which metals will react with acids -10
potassium sodium lithium calcium magnesium aluminium zinc iron tin lead
which metals will react with oxygen (13)
potassium sodium lithium calcium magnesium aluminium zinc iron tin lead copper mercury silver
what is the most reactive
potassium
what is the least reactive
gold
what does the reactivity of a metal depend upon
how easily it looses an electron
to form what
a positive ion
what is this positive ion also called
a cation
what do metals that react with oxygen produce
metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides
metal + oxygen -> metal oxide
what is an oxidation reaction
one where a substance gains oxygen
example of an oxidation reaction including sodium
sodium + oxygen -> sodium oxide
4Na + O2 -> 2Na2O
example of an oxidation reaction involving copper
copper + oxygen -> copper oxide
2Cu + O2 -> 2CuO
what is a reduction reaction
one where the substance looses oxygen
metals more reactive than hydrogen react with what
metals more reactive than hydrogen react with dilute acids
when metals more reactive than hydrogen react with dilute acid what is produce
a salt and hydrogen gas
what is the word equation for metals (more reactive than hydrogen)reacting with dilute acid
metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen
what happens when you react potassium and sodium with acid
explosive reaction occurs that should not be carried out in schools
what happens when calcium is reacted with acid
reacts violently to give hydrogen gas
what happens when magnesium is reacted with acid
reacts rapidly to give hydrogen gas
