Booklet 3: War with Austria Flashcards
When was the National Society formed?
1857
What did the National Society do?
rose single-issue nationalist campaigns, promote cause of Italian unity within Piedmont
What dud Cavour sign in 1858 and with who?
Pact of Plombieres, Napoleon III
When was the battle of Magenta?
May 1859
When was the battle of Solferino?
June 1859
When was the treaty of Villafranca?
July 1859
What did Piedmont gain in the treaty?
Lombardy
What did Cavour do as a result of Villafranca?
Resign, but came back to office in 1860
What did Napoleon III take part in in 1831?
Uprisings in Rome and conspiracies in the Papal States and Modena
What happened in January 1858?
4 Italians led by Count Felice Orisini attempted to assassinate Napoleon
What were the agreements of Plombieres?
- Kingdom of Upper Italy created controlled by House of Savoy
- Kingdom of Central Italy controlled by Tuscany
- Rome and surrounding area remain in control of the Papacy
- Naples remain as it was for now
- In return support of 200,000 French troops
How many Piedmontese troops would match the French?
100,000, but in the end only 60,000
How did they provoke Austria?
Piedmont painted the victim and Austria the aggressor, Victor Emmanuel II delivered a provocative speech
What happened in Florence and in April 1859? (Grand Duchies)
Popular demonstration against the Grand Duke Leopold that resulted in his flight and a provisional government created
What happened in May 1859? (Grand Duchies
National Society engineered peaceful revolutions in Tuscany, Moderna, and Parma. All rulers fled and provisional governments took control
What happened in June 1859?
Duke of Modena and Duchess-Regent of Parma fled their provinces, replaced by a government
What was significant about Magenta and Solferino?
Austrians defeated in both battles
How many allies were killed at Magenta?
4,000
What was the casualty figure of both sides?
40,000
What did Napoleon do?
Sued for peace with Austria behind Piedmont’s back
What were the terms of Villafranca?
- Lombardy given to France, but Venetia remained under Austrian control
- Italian federation created with Pope as leader
- Piedmont not to be given control of Duchies, rulers were to be restored
- Piedmont forbidden to annex Mantua and Peschiera in Lombardy
What treaty formally ended the war?
Treaty of Zurich in 1859
What did Cavour do when he returned to office?
Started to negotiate the Treaty of Turin with Napoleon
What happened in Modena in August 1860?
Popular assembly voted for annexation to Piedmont
What happened in Tuscany?
Popular assembly voted for annexation to Piedmont
What was the main point of the Treaty of Turin?
Piedmont was to hand over Savoy and Nice to France, and in return France would accept Piedmontese annexation of the Central Duchies
